单侧轻中度传导性听力损失对言语识别能力影响的临床观察  

Speech Recognition Performance of Subjects with Simulated Unilateral Mild to Moderate Conductive Hearing Loss

作　　者：孙进 孙文浩 陈向平 陈建勇[1] 张勤[1] 杨军[1] SUN Jin;SUN Wen-hao;CHEN Xiang-ping;CHEN Jian-yong;ZHANG Qin;YANG Jun

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科/上海交通大学医学院耳科学研究所/上海市耳鼻疾病转化医学重点实验室,上海200092 [2]上海中医药大学康复医学院,上海201203 [3]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院崇明分院耳鼻咽喉科,上海202150

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2021年第5期340-343,共4页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

基　　金：上海交通大学医工交叉重点项目(ZH2018ZDA11);上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院院级临床研究培育基金项目(17CSK03,18JXO04)。

摘　　要：目的通过模拟单侧轻、中度传导性听力损失,对比受试者在安静或噪声环境下言语识别情况,了解单侧听力损失患者的言语识别能力。方法选择20位听力正常的受试者模拟轻度单侧听力损失(PTA=34.93dBHL)及中度单侧听力损失(PTA=47.77dBHL),测量安静与噪声环境下的言语识别阈值以及信噪比(SNR)在-5dB,0dB,5dB时的言语识别率情况。结果中度单侧传导性听力损失组在安静和噪声环境中的言语识别阈值均显著高于正常组(安静状态P=0.004<0.05,噪声状态P=0.000<0.05)和轻度单侧传导性听力损失组(安静状态P=0.002<0.05,噪声状态P=0.000<0.05);中度单侧传导性听力损失组、轻度单侧传导性听力损失组和正常组在SNR=5 dB与SNR=0 dB下的言语识别率均无差异(P=0.053>0.05);中度单侧传导性听力损失组在SNR=-5dB下的言语识别率显著低于正常组(P=0.000<0.05),轻度单侧传导性听力损失组在SNR=-5 dB下的言语识别率显著低于正常组(P=0.024<0.05)。结论轻度、中度单侧传导性听力损失在噪声环境中言语识别能力均下降,中度单侧传导性听力损失较正常听力在安静环境中言语识别能力下降,表明即使是单侧轻度传导性听力损失也会存在言语识别困难。Objective To understand the speech recognition performance of patients with unilateral hearing loss(UHL),the speech recognition situation of subjects in quiet or noise environment was compared by simulating unilateral mild and moderate conductive hearing loss.Methods Twenty subjects with normal hearing simulated mild unilateral hearing loss(PTA=34.93 dB HL)and moderate unilateral hearing loss(PTA=47.77 dB HL).The speech recognition threshold(SRT)was measured both in quiet and speech-spectrum noise environment.The speech recognition score(SRS)was obtained at-5 dB,0 dB and 5 dB SNR.Results The SRTs of the moderate conductive UHL group in quiet and speech noise environment were significantly higher than that of nonsimulated state(normal group)and the mild conductive UHL group.The speech recognition rate of moderate conductive UHL group,mild conductive UHL group and normal group were not different under SNR=5 dB and SNR=0 dB.However,the speech recognition rates of moderate conductive UHL group and mild conductive UHL group were significantly lower than that of normal group under SNR=-5 dB.Conclusions The speech recognition performance of mild and moderate conductive UHL in noise environment is decreased,while the speech recognition performance of moderate conductive UHL is lower than that of normal hearing in quiet environment,indicating that conductive UHL patients have difficulties on speech recognition in noise even the hearing loss is mild.

关 键 词：模拟 单侧听力损失 传导性听力损失 言语识别 噪声中听觉 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]