天津市不同年龄社区人群老年精神卫生知识调查及影响因素  

Mental health knowledge of the elderly in different age community groups and its influencing factors in Tianjin

作　　者：周佳男[1] 刘媛媛[1] 尹慧芳[1] 徐广明[1] ZHOU Jia-nan;LIU Yuan-yuan;YIN Hui-fang;XU Guang-ming(Department of Psychiatry,Tianjin Anding Hospital,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市安定医院精神科,天津300222

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2021年第9期1526-1529,共4页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：天津市卫生行业重点攻关项目(13KG119);天津市临床重点学科(专科)建设项目;天津市安定医院院级科研项目(ADYK2020015)。

摘　　要：目的了解天津市不同年龄社区人群对老年期精神心理健康知识的应答情况、掌握程度以及影响因素。方法采用多阶段随机抽样抽取天津市社区居民,采用老年精神卫生知识问卷对居民进行调查,共完成调查问卷1606人,其中18~39岁447名、40~54岁498名和55岁及以上661名。结果天津市社区人群的老年精神卫生知识问卷得分为(71.34±5.92)分,其中男性为(79.78±6.33)分,女性为(64.95±5.13)分,各条目正确应答率为28.5%~99.0%。18~39岁组得分为(64.37±5.96)分,其中男性为(65.78±5.26)分,女性为(62.37±4.87)分;40~54岁组得分为(72.24±7.55)分,其中男性为(78.65±6.28)分,女性为(63.77±6.24)分;55岁~组得分为(75.45±7.28)分,其中男性为(81.32±7.54)分,女性为(66.36±6.43)分;随着年龄增加,得分逐渐增加(F=14.572,P=0.015)。各年龄组在条目3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10比较差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。掌握好组与掌握不好组相比,在性别、职业、是否独居、年龄方面,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析提示,性别、年龄、是否独居是老年精神卫生知识得分的影响因素。结论天津市社区不同年龄居民对老年精神卫生知识的掌握存在显著差异,女性、独居及年龄较低的居民存在对精神卫生知识掌握不足的问题,提示未来可针对这些人群进行宣传教育。Objective To understand the response,mastery and influencing factors of elderly mental health knowledge amongst community populations of different ages in Tianjin.Methods A multi-stage random sampling was used to select residents in Tianjin’s community using the elderly mental health knowledge questionnaire as a tool to conduct a survey on them.A total of 1606 people were included,of which 447 were 18-39 years old,498 were 40-54 years old,and 661 were 55 years old and above.Results The average score of the elderly mental health knowledge questionnaire in Tianjin community population was(71.34±5.92)points.The average score was(79.78±6.33)points for males and(64.95±5.13)points for females.The correct response rate for each item was 28.5%-99.0%.The average score of the 18-39-year-old group was(64.37±5.96)points,of which the average score was(65.78±5.26)points for males and(62.37±4.87)points for females.The average score for the 40-54-year-old group was(72.24±7.55)points,of which the average score was(78.65±6.28)points for males and(63.77±6.24)points for females.The average score for the 55-year-old and above group was(75.45±7.28)points,of which the average score was(81.32±7.54)points for males and(66.36±7.54)points for females.As the age increases,the scores gradually increase,and the difference was significant(F=14.572,P=0.015).Statistically significant differences were observed in items 3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and 10 in each age group(all P<0.05).Compared with the poorly mastered group,the differences in gender,occupation,whether living alone and age were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis suggested that gender,age and whether living alone were factors influencing the mental health knowledge score of the elderly.Conclusion There are significant differences in the knowledge of elderly mental health amongst residents of different ages in Tianjin communities.Females,residents living alone and younger residents have insufficient knowledge of mental health,suggesting that these group

关 键 词：社区人群 精神疾病 老年精神卫生知识 调查 影响因素 

分 类 号：R197.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R749[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]