新时期黄河小北干流河道整治方法研究  

Study on River Regulation Methods of Xiaobeiganliu Reach of the Yellow River in the New Era

作　　者：刘杨 王建利 杨航 LIU Yang;WANG Jianli;YANG Hang(Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2021年第9期64-69,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2017YFC0404406)。

摘　　要：近年来,黄河小北干流主流河势游荡多变,滩槽水沙交换不畅,滩岸坍塌及河段生态环境等问题依然突出。为了更好解决这些问题,促进黄河小北干流河段的生态保护和高质量发展,提出了系统性的黄河小北干流河道整治方法。该河道整治方法主要由河道形态变化分析、工程布局及河道整治标准研究、回淤口工程布置及优化研究、生态补偿研究4个部分组成;采用"就岸防护"与"平行治导控制线"的方式修建河道整治工程,由被动防护转变为主动防御,达到归顺河势、限制主流游荡多变的目的;通过降低河道整治工程高程和优化回淤口布局改善滩槽水沙交换不畅的问题;最后创新性地提出生态鸟岛的概念,为改善浅滩湿地生态环境、促进黄河小北干流生态健康发展提供新的治理思路。In recent years, the main stream regime of the Xiaobeiganliu reach of the Yellow River is wandering and changeable, the water and sediment exchange relationship between the shoal and channel is not smooth, the bank collapse and the ecological environment of the reach are still prominent. In order to solve these problems and promote the ecological protection and keep high-quality development of Xiaobeiganliu reach of the Yellow River, this paper systematically put forward the river regulation methods of Xiaobeiganliu reach of the Yellow River. The river regulation method was mainly composed of four parts: analysis of river morphology change, research on engineering layout and river regulation standard, research on layout optimization of silting outlet project and ecological compensation measures. In the river regulation method, the way of “shore protection” and “parallel control line” was adopted to construct the river regulation project, which changed from passive protection to active defense, so as to achieve the goal of conforming to the river regime and limiting the wandering of the mainstream. By reducing the elevation of the river regulation project and optimizing the layout of the silting outlet, the problem of poor water and sediment exchange between the shoal and the channel was improved. Finally, the concept of ecological bird island was put forward innovatively, which provided a new management idea for improving the ecological environment of shoal wetland and promoting the ecological healthy development of Xiaobeiganliu reach of the Yellow River.

关 键 词：生态保护和高质量发展 河道整治 水沙交换 回淤口优化 黄河小北干流 

分 类 号：TV85[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV882.1