表面粗糙度对透平叶片气动特性的影响研究  

Analysis on Influence of Surface Roughness on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Turbine Blades

作　　者：平艳 钟主海[1] 江生科[1] 杨长柱[1] PING Yan;ZHONG Zhuhai;JIANG Shengke;YANG Changzhu(Dongfang Turbine Co.,Ltd.,Deyang 618000,China)

机构地区：[1]东方汽轮机有限公司,德阳618000

出　　处：《热力透平》2021年第3期166-172,共7页Thermal Turbine

摘　　要：叶片为透平的核心部件,其气动性能直接影响透平的整体效率,叶片表面粗糙度的水平会影响透平级压力,导致叶型损失发生变化。应用数值模拟技术对某冲动式和反动式机组各4级透平级进行分析,考虑反动度、载荷分布以及旋转等多种因素,研究表面粗糙度变化对透平叶片气动性能的影响。CFD数值研究表明:叶型损失变化曲线的斜率随透平叶片表面粗糙度的增大逐渐变小;不同反动度的透平叶片受叶片表面粗糙度的影响存在差异,冲动式叶片相对反动式叶片受到的影响更为明显;吸力面上的粗糙度对气动性能的影响明显大于压力面粗糙度的影响,这种影响作用在反动度提高后相应变弱。研究成果可为透平叶片设计和加工提供参考。The blades are key components of turbine,and their aerodynamic performance has direct influence on the total efficiency of the turbine.The surface roughness of blades can cause the change of pressure expansion in turbine stage and the loss of blade profiles.Aerodynamic analysis on four stages in impulse and reaction unit was carried out by means of numerical simulation.Considering the reaction degree,loading distribution and rotation,the influence of surface roughness on the aerodynamic characteristics of turbine blades was studied.The CFD calculation results show that the slope of airfoil loss curve gradually decreases with the increase of the blade surface roughness.In addition,there are differences in the influences of the surface roughness on the blades with the different reaction degree,and the influence on the impulse blade is more obvious.Finally,the influence of roughness on the suction surface is stronger than that on the pressure surface,and the influence decreases with the increase of the reaction degree.The research results can provide reference for design and machining of turbine blade.

关 键 词：表面粗糙度 气动性能 反动度 能量损失系数 吸力面 

分 类 号：TK262[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]