钠离子电池硫酸盐正极材料的研究进展  

Research progress on sulfate cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries

作　　者：刘奕彤 郭晋芝[2] 吴兴隆[1,2] LIU Yi-tong;GUO Jin-zhi;WU Xing-long(Faculty of Chemistry,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China;MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学化学学院,吉林长春130024 [2]东北师范大学紫外光发射材料与技术教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《分子科学学报》2021年第4期323-334,共12页Journal of Molecular Science

基　　金：吉林省科技厅自然科学基金资助项目(20200201066JC);吉林省教育厅资助项目(JJKH20201179KJ)。

摘　　要：电化学储能设备已经成为现代社会不可分割的一部分.其中,锂离子电池(LIBs)的应用最为广泛.然而,地壳中锂资源短缺且分布不均匀,带来的较高成本和发展不均衡,急需研发其他高性能的二次电池.钠元素在地壳中储量均匀、丰富,并且具有与锂相似的化学性质,使得钠离子电池(SIBs)成为了代替LIBs最有应用前景的二次电池之一.SIBs中硫酸盐正极材料具有价格低廉和工作电位适中等优势,引发了研究者们的广泛关注,是极具潜力的新一代SIBs材料.本文总结了SIBs硫酸盐正极材料的研究进展,主要介绍了硫酸盐材料的合成方法、晶体结构以及电化学性能,并分析了该类材料面临的主要问题和发展前景.The electrochemical energy storage equipment has become an indispensable part of our modern society, among which lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) are the most widely used. However, due to the limited availability and uneven distribution of lithium resources in the earth’s crust, it is urgent to develop other high-performance secondary batteries as substitutes. Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) have become one of the most promising secondary batteries to replace LIBs due to its abundant resources and similar chemical properties.Presently, cathode materials for SIBs mainly include transition metal oxides, polyanionic compounds, Prussian blue analogs and organic compounds. Polyanionic compounds are easier to obtain high voltage than other materials, which can be explained by the inductive effect. These compounds have a large 3 D framework, and the crystal structure is relatively stable, which has a little change during the Na+ intercalation/de-intercalation processes. Moreover, the activation energy of ion diffusion is low. Polyanionic sulfate cathode material has attracted wide attention of researchers because of its low-cost feature and high operating voltage, suggesting its great potential for application. In this review, the research progress of sulfate cathode materials for SIBs is summarized, and then we mainly introduced the synthesis methods, crystal structure and electrochemical properties of materials. Usually, the precursors of sulfate are mainly obtained by solid phase method, freeze-drying method, co-precipitation method and solvothermal method, and then the target material is obtained by annealing. The crystal structure of sulfate materials mainly include alluaudite, eldfellite, monoclinic, triplite, jarosite and others. Moreover, due to the poor electronic conductivity and unstable in the air, the electrochemical performance of sulfate materials is inferior. Generally, electrochemical performance can be significantly improved mainly by modification with high conductive materials, adjusting transition metal ions

关 键 词：钠离子电池 正极材料 聚阴离子材料 硫酸盐 

分 类 号：O641[理学—物理化学]