甲基磺酸体系铅电解精炼研究  

Lead Electrolytic Refining in Methanesulfonic Acid System

作　　者：杨志伟 王伟 谢锋 蒋开喜 YANG Zhi-wei;WANG Wei;XIE Feng;JIANG Kai-xi(School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;College of Zijin Mining,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学冶金学院,沈阳110819 [2]福州大学紫金矿业学院,福州350108

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2021年第9期12-17,共6页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1908303);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC2008035);沈阳市科技计划项目(20-206-4-04)。

摘　　要：针对传统铅电解精炼工艺存在的腐蚀性强、毒性高、环境危害较大等问题,提出采用甲基磺酸(MSA)进行铅的电解精炼。研究了铅离子浓度、游离酸浓度、电流密度、温度和添加剂对铅电解精炼的影响。结果表明,适当提高铅离子浓度、电流密度和电解温度以及添加木质磺酸钙,有利于提高电流效率。适当增加电解液游离酸浓度、提高电解液温度有利于降低槽电压和能耗。添加木质磺酸钙能极大改善阴极铅表面形貌,使沉积铅平整致密,但不添加木质磺酸钙时阴极铅易于剥离。在铅离子浓度0.5mol/L、MSA浓度1.0mol/L、电流密度220A/m^(2),温度40℃条件下,获得了质量分数99.99%以上的精铅,此时能耗低至42.36kWh/t。使用添加剂2.0g/L木质磺酸钙,可得到平整致密的铅。采用阳极、阴极极化曲线测试探索了各工艺参数对电解精炼槽电压影响机制。To address strong corrosiveness,high toxicity,and greater environmental hazards in traditional lead electrolytic refining process,a lead electrolytic refining system using methanesulfonic acid(MSA)was proposed.Effects of lead ion concentration,free acid concentration,current density,temperature,and additives on lead refining were investigated.The results show that an appropriate increase of lead ion concentration,current density and electrolysis temperature,as well as addition of calcium lignosulfonate,are beneficial to raise current efficiency.Appropriately increasing free acid concentration of electrolyte and temperature of electrolyte are beneficial to reduce cell voltage and energy consumption.Addition of calcium lignosulfonate can greatly improve surface morphology of cathode lead and make deposited lead smooth and compact,but cathode lead is easy to peel off without adding calcium lignosulfonate.When lead ion concentration is 0.5 mol/L,MSA concentration is 1.0 mol/L,current density is 220 A/m^(2),and temperature is 40℃,refined lead with mass fraction of 99.99%above is obtained,and energy consumption is as low as 42.36 kWh/t.What′s more,with addition of 2.0 g/L calcium lignosulfonate,lead would be smooth and dense.Influence mechanism of each process parameter on voltage of electrolytic refining cell is explored by testing anode and cathode polarization curve.

关 键 词：铅 甲基磺酸(MSA) 电解精炼 

分 类 号：TF812[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]