高等植物下胚轴伸长的调控机制  

Regulation mechanism of hypocotyl elongation in higher plants

作　　者：宋雨函 张锐[1] SONG Yuhan;ZHANG Rui(Biotechnology Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院院生物技术研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《生命的化学》2021年第6期1116-1125,共10页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：中国农科院科技创新工程创新任务资助项目。

摘　　要：自然条件下,植物种子在地下萌发后需要穿透土层,才能吸收阳光开始光合作用并逐步进入自养阶段。双子叶植物种子萌发后主要借助下胚轴伸长来实现出苗,单子叶植物则依靠胚芽鞘的生长来破土。下胚轴的伸长速度及长度关系到植物能否破土出苗以及苗势,因此,下胚轴的伸长生长是植物生长发育的第一个关键阶段。本文综述了高等植物下胚轴的伸长过程、伸长的细胞学机制以及植物激素、环境信号和营养代谢状况调控下胚轴伸长的分子机制及其最新研究进展。It is well known that seedlings have to struggle out from the underground after germination, to begin photosynthesis and turn from heterotrophism to autotrophism gradually. In the process of seedlings emergence, dicotyledons mainly rely on the elongation of hypocotyl, while monocotyledons depend on the growth of coleoptile. The speed and length of hypocotyl elongation determine the emergence rate of seedlings and further affect the vitality of plants growing. Therefore, the elongation of hypocotyl plays as the first key role in the life cycle of plant. This review discussed the latest research on hypocotyl elongation, including the stretching process itself, cytological mechanism of the elongation, as well as the molecular mechanisms of plant hormones, environmental signals and nutritional metabolism which regulate the elongation of the hypocotyls.

关 键 词：下胚轴伸长 植物激素 细胞形态 形态建成 生长调控 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]