中青年白领健康问题现状分析及其对策  

Analysis and countermeasures of health problems among young and middle-aged white-collar workers

作　　者：杨善岚 杨紫飞 刘斌 涂嘉欣 陈柏锜 吴磊[1] 周建明[1] 周跃平[1] 黄河浪[1] Yang Shanlan;Yang Zifei;Liu Bin;Tu Jiaxin;Chen Baiqi;Wu Lei;Zhou Jianming;Zhou Yueping;Huang Helang

机构地区：[1]江西省预防医学重点实验室,南昌大学公共卫生学院,330006

出　　处：《中国疗养医学》2021年第11期1127-1130,共4页Chinese Journal of Convalescent Medicine

基　　金：江西省管理科学类资助项目(20192BAA208005);南昌大学“大学生创新创业训练项目”(2020CX286)。

摘　　要：目的阐明我国白领亚健康的流行特点,劳动负荷的严重程度,分析亚健康问题和劳动负荷的关系,从而针对性地提出白领阶层健康问题的对策、劳动减压的具体措施和建议。方法采用自行设计的问卷进行网络调查,通过线上平台进行雪球抽样,招募白领阶层完成在线答卷。以此收集、建立数据,采用SPSS 26.0统计软件,进行数据的统计描述与分析。结果①研究共回收问卷1527份,排除不符合标准问卷,共得到有效问卷1303份,涉及我国33个省级行政区域,男女比例约为1∶1,涉及职业种类50余种,平均收入超8万元/年。②调查对象中74.37%者日工作时间超8 h,63.47%者工作疲劳度为劳累及以上。③自感亚健康者1027人(78.82%),患病者144人(11.05%),亚健康状态呈低年龄与高学历化。④每日工作时间越长时亚健康检出率增高,工作疲劳程度加重时亚健康检出率增高。结论现阶段我国白领上班族劳动负荷较高,亚健康状态呈高发趋势,且亚健康的检出率随每日工作时间、工作疲劳程度的增加而升高。Objective To clarify the epidemic characteristics of sub-health of white-collar workers in China,the severity of labor load,and analyze the relationship between sub-health problems and labor load,so as to put forward the countermeasures of health problems of white-collar workers,specific measures and suggestions for reducing labor pressure.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct an online survey.Snowball sampling was conducted on the online platform,and white-collar workers were recruited to complete the online survey.In this way,data were collected and established.SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used for statistical description and analysis of data.Results①A total of 1527 questionnaires were collected,and 1303 valid questionnaires were obtained after excluding non-standard questionnaires,involving 33 provincial administrative regions in China.The male/female ratio was about 1∶1,involving more than 50 occupational types,and the average income was more than 80000 yuan/year.②74.37%of the respon dents worked more than 8 hours a day,and 63.47%of the respondents were tired or above.③There were 1027 patients(78.82%)with self-perceived sub-health,144 patients(11.05%)with self-perceived sub-health.The sub-health status was lower in age and higher in education.④The longer the working hours,the higher the detection rate of sub-health,and the higher detection rate of sub-health went along with the higher work fatigue degree.Conclusion At the present stage,the labor load of white-collar office workers in China is high,and the sub-health status presents an increasing trend,and the detection rate of sub-health increases with the increase of working hours and work fatigue degree.

关 键 词：白领 劳动负荷 亚健康 网络调查 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]