浑善达克沙地锦鸡儿属(Caragana)灌丛沙堆形态特征研究  

Morphological characteristics of Caragana shrub-coppice dune in Otindag Sandy Land

作　　者：支莹 刘树林 康文平 郭紫晨 冯坤 ZHI Ying;LIU Shulin;KANG Wenping;GUO Zichen;FENG Kun(Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification,Northwest Institute of Ecology and Environmental Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2021年第5期1438-1448,共11页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0500902)。

摘　　要：灌丛沙堆在维持草地生态功能和土地沙漠化过程中扮演着非常重要角色。浑善达克沙地分布着众多灌丛沙堆,其中以锦鸡儿属(Caragana)灌丛沙堆最为典型。选择不同沙漠化程度(轻度沙漠化、中度沙漠化、重度沙漠化、严重沙漠化)沙地上的锦鸡儿属灌丛沙堆,进行野外调查和灌丛沙堆形态指标测量,对比不同沙漠化程度沙地上锦鸡儿属灌丛沙堆的形态特征,分析灌丛和沙堆形态参数间的关系及其影响因子。结果表明:(1)不同沙漠化程度沙地灌丛沙堆大小不同,总体表现为灌丛沙堆规模从严重沙漠化、重度沙漠化、中度沙漠化到轻度沙漠化逐渐减小的特点,轻度和中度沙漠化沙地的灌丛沙堆形态在水平面上的垂直投影类似椭圆形、形状类似半椭圆球体,重度和严重沙漠化沙地的灌丛沙堆形态在水平面上的垂直投影类似不规则棱形、形状类似四棱锥体,沙堆形态的主要影响因素可能与沙源丰富度有关。(2)不同沙漠化程度沙地上的锦鸡儿属灌丛的各形态参数呈显著相关,重度和严重沙漠化沙地上的锦鸡儿属灌丛沙堆形态参数间的相关系数比中度和轻度的更高,总体上灌丛沙堆长轴、短轴和沙堆高度之间协同发展。(3)轻度和中度沙漠化沙地上的锦鸡儿属灌丛沙堆的长轴、短轴与高度间呈幂函数关系,表明灌丛沙堆还存在较大发展空间,重度和严重沙漠化沙地上灌丛沙堆的长轴、短轴与高度间呈二次函数关系,表明灌丛沙堆已经发育成熟,且易因根系水分供应不足等导致灌丛向衰亡方向发展。A shrub-coppice dune is a geomorphic form formed by the accumulation of wind-blown sand flow in arid,semi-arid,and semi humid desert areas.Shrub-coppice dunes play an important role in maintaining the grassland ecological function and land desertification.In this study,the Otindag Sandy Land in the Inner Mongolia Plateau of China,which is rich in eolian sand activities,was selected to better explain the indicative effect of shrub-coppice dunes on land desertification.The Otindag Sandy Land has large and small shrub-coppice dunes.The Caragana shrub is the most typical in the area.Accordingly,the Caragana shrub on sandy land with different desertification degrees(i.e.,mild,moderate,severe,and serious)was selected for the field investigation and measurement of the shrub and sand indicators.The morphological characteristics,relationship between the shrub and sand morphological parameters,and influencing factors were analyzed using the Pearson correlation and regression analysis.Consequently,first,we found that the size of the shrub-coppice dunes was different under different desertification degrees and became gradually smaller from serious,severe,and moderate desertification to mild desertification.The shapes of the shrub-coppice dunes on the mild-and moderate-desertification lands were similar to an ellipse in the plane vertical projection and to a semi-ellipsoid in space.Meanwhile,their shapes on the severe-and serious-desertification lands were irregular in the plane vertical projection.The main influencing factors may be related to the abundance of sand source.Second,the correlation coefficient between the morphological parameters of the Caragana shrub and sand on sandy land with different desertification degrees was found significant.In particular,the correlation coefficient between the morphological parameters of both on severe-and serious-desertification lands was higher.In general,the long and short axes and the shrub-coppice dune height cooperatively developed.Third,a power function relationship existed betw

关 键 词：锦鸡儿属 灌丛沙堆 形态特征 浑善达克沙地 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]