云南省六个水稻产区稻瘟病菌三个无毒基因的组成及其致病型  

Three avirulance genes composition and pathotype structure among Magnaporthe oryzae isolates from six rice growing areas of Yunnan Province

作　　者：王群[1] 毕云青[1] 孔垂思[1] 金桂梅[1] 杨明英[1] 李进斌[1] Wang Qun;Bi Yunqing;Kong Chuisi;Jin Guimei;Yang Mingying;Li Jinbin(Agricultural Environment and Resources Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,Yunnan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,昆明650205

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2021年第4期723-731,共9页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：云南省重点项目(2017FA013);国家自然科学基金(31460454);云南省人才培养项目(2015HB076);云南省科技人才与平台计划(202005AE160003);云南省重点研发计划(2019IB007)。

摘　　要：为明确水稻抗性基因Piz-t、Pib和Pii的有效性,利用无毒基因AvrPiz-t、AvrPib和Avr-Pii的特异性引物对自云南省6个水稻产区采集并分离获得的348株稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe oryzae菌株进行PCR扩增检测,并测定其对仅含Piz-t、Pib和Pii基因的水稻抗性单基因系IRBLzt-T、IRBLb-B和IRBLi-F5品种的致病性,明确这3个无毒基因在云南省水稻产区组成及分布。结果表明,在348株稻瘟病菌菌株中,分别有51.7%、46.8%和15.8%的菌株含有无毒基因AvrPiz-t、AvrPib和Avr-Pii,GT8、GT2、GT5、GT6、GT1、GT3、GT4和GT7基因型菌株检测频率分别为24.7%、21.8%、21.0%、16.7%、4.9%、4.0%、3.4%和3.4%;分别有4.9%、29.2%、41.1%和24.7%的菌株含有3、2、1和0个无毒基因;云南省稻瘟病菌群体总多样性指数水平较高,为2.81,其中滇中水稻产区的最高,为2.97;在348株稻瘟病菌菌株中,分别有89.1%、63.2%和38.5%的菌株对单基因系IRBLzt-T、IRBLb-B和IRBLi-F5表现为不致病,表明对Piz-t基因和Pib基因的抗性利用价值较Pii基因高;PT1、PT2、PT3、PT4、PT5、PT6、PT7和PT8致病型菌株检测频率分别为23.0%、30.2%、8.9%、2.0%、21.8%、5.2%、4.6%和4.3%,其中PT2、PT1和PT5为云南省稻瘟病菌的主要致病型。表明云南省6个水稻产区稻瘟病菌3个无毒基因的分布及组成差异较大,群体多样性水平较高。In order to clarify the resistance effectiveness of the three R genes(Piz-t, Pib and Pii), AvrPizt, AvrPib and Avr-Pii were detected by PCR amplification using specific markers from 348 Magnaporthe oryzae isolates collected from six rice production areas of Yunnan Province. The pathogenicity of these isolates was determined by inoculation on monogenic lines IRBLzt-T, IRBLb-B and IRBLi-F5,which holds R gene Piz-t, Pib and Pii, respectively. PCR amplification results showed that the percentages of isolates with Avrpiz-t, Avrpib and Avr-Pii genes were 51.7%, 46.8% and 15.8% respectively among the 348 tested isolates;the percentages of isolates with genotypes GT8, GT2, GT5, GT6, GT1,GT3, GT4 and GT7 were 24.7%, 21.8%, 21.0%, 16.7%, 4.9%, 4.0%, 3.4% and 3.4% respectively;and the percentages of isolates holding 3, 2, 1 and 0 avirulence genes were 4.9%, 29.2%, 41.1% and 24.7%,respectively. The overall genotype diversity level was high(2.81) for all isolates from Yunnan Province,and the highest diversity(2.97) was detected in central Yunnan among the six regions. Pathogenicity test showed that 89.1%, 63.2% and 38.5% of the isolates were avirulent to IRBLzt-T, IRBLb-B and IRBLi-F5, respectively. It indicated that the resistance utilization values of Piz-t and Pib were higher than that of Pii;the eight pathotypes PT1, PT2, PT3, PT4, PT5, PT6, PT7 and PT8 accounted for 23.0%,30.2%, 8.9%, 2.0%, 21.8%, 5.2%, 4.6% and 4.3% of all the 348 isolates, respectively. PT2, PT1 and PT5 were the main pathotypes of rice blast in Yunnan.

关 键 词：稻瘟病菌 无毒基因 基因型 致病型 

分 类 号：S435.111.41[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]