基于EPG技术分析苜蓿品种对苜蓿蚜的抗性  

Analysis of the resistance of alfalfa varieties to groundnut aphid Aphis craccivora using electrical penetration graph technique

作　　者：于良斌 徐林波[1] 王予彤 王丹阳[3] 韩海斌 康爱国[4] 庞红岩 Yu Liangbin;Xu Linbo;Wang Yutong;Wang Danyang;Han Haibin;Kang Aiguo;Pang Hongyan(Institute of Grassland Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Huhhot 010010,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Forestry College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot 010020,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Experimental Center of Desert Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Dengkou 015200,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Plant Protection Station,Kangbao County,Zhangjiakou 076650,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古农业大学林学院,呼和浩特010020 [3]中国林业科学研究院沙漠林业实验中心,内蒙古磴口015200 [4]河北省张家口市康保县植保站,张家口076650

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2021年第4期814-821,共8页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家科技基础调查专项子课题(2019FY100304);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610332013008)。

摘　　要：为明确6个苜蓿品种对苜蓿蚜Aphis craccivora的抗性差异机理,观察苜蓿蚜在不同苜蓿品种植株上的取食选择行为,利用刺吸电位(electrical penetration graph,EPG)技术判定取食过程中所出现的波形,并筛选适宜参数作为对不同苜蓿品种抗蚜性的评价指标。结果表明,苜蓿蚜在取食苜蓿时呈现出Np、Pd、A、B、C、E1、E2和F波共8种波形。苜蓿的抗虫位点主要存在于苜蓿植株的表皮、叶肉和韧皮部,当苜蓿蚜开始取食时,中苜2号的抗虫位点在叶表面,但抗性较弱,第1次刺探的发生时间迟,为16.00 min,E2波的总持续时间长,为26.99 min;赛迪7的抗虫位点集中在叶肉和韧皮部且抗性强,E2波的持续时间短,为5.00 min;金皇后的抗虫位点出现在第1个E2波之后,第1次E2波后的E1波个数为7.78个,即韧皮部的抗性最强。苜蓿蚜在不同苜蓿品种上的取食行为各异,且不同品种的抗虫位点和抗虫机制不同。聚类分析结果显示,6个苜蓿品种对苜蓿蚜的抗性存在差异,其中赛迪7的抗性最强,中苜2号的抗性较弱。To clarify the mechanism of alfalfa resistance to groundnut aphid Aphis craccivora, the feeding behavior of A. craccivora on six alfalfa varieties was studied, and the waveforms during the feeding process were determined by using electrical penetration graph(EPG), with suitable parameters selected as evaluation indexes for different alfalfa varieties. The results showed that there were eight kinds of waveforms during A. craccivora’s feeding on alfalfa, including Np, Pd, A, B, C, E1, E2 and F waves.The insect-resistant sites of alfalfa mainly existed in the epidermis, mesophyll and phloem of alfalfa plants. When A. craccivora started feeding, the resistance sites of Zhongmu No. 2 were on the leaf surface, showing a prolonged first piercing(16.00 min) and a long duration of feeding wave(26.99 min), but the resistance was weak. The resistance sites of Sardi 7 were concentrated on the mesophyll and the phloem. The resistance was strong, which was reflected in the short duration of feeding wave(5.00 min).The resistance sites of Golden Empress appeared after the first E2 wave. It exhibited 7.78 E1 waves,indicating that the phloem had the strongest resistance. The feeding behavior of A. craccivora on different alfalfa varieties varied, and the resistance sites and resistance mechanisms of different varieties were different. Cluster analysis showed that there were differences in the resistance to A. craccivora among the six varieties, with Sardi 7 having the strongest resistance and Zhongmu No.2 the weaker.

关 键 词：苜蓿蚜 苜蓿品种 取食行为 抗性 刺吸电位技术 

分 类 号：S435.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]