长链非编码RNA相关表观遗传修饰在癌症中的进展  

Progress of Long Non-coding RNAs Related Epigenetic Modifications in Cancer

作　　者：杨万斌 徐燕[1] 卓士铉 王心怡[1] 李雅静 郭一凡 张正光[1] 郭园园[1] YANG Wan-bin;XU Yan;ZHUO Shi-xuan;WANG Xin-yi;LI Ya-jing;GUO Yi-fan;ZHANG Zheng-guang;GUO Yuan-yuan(School of Medicine&Holistic Integrative Medicine of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学医学院·整合医学学院,南京210023 [2]南京中医药大学药学院,南京210023

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2021年第8期59-66,共8页China Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(82004081、82004118);江苏省自然科学基金青年基金项目(BK20180678);江苏省高等学校大学生创新训练计划(202010315XJ065)资助项目。

摘　　要：长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是一类转录本长度大于200 nt的RNA分子,编码蛋白质的功能有限,但其功能多样且复杂。已有研究报道lncRNA与肿瘤的发展进程密切相关,lncRNA可以通过不同方式参与细胞内生物学进程的调控,是潜在的癌症调节因子,其中,调节表观遗传修饰水平是其影响癌症进程的主要手段;癌症发病过程中细胞内存在着不同程度的表观遗传修饰,其主要为包括甲基化、乙酰化、磷酸化、糖基化、泛素化等修饰方式在内的DNA修饰、RNA修饰以及蛋白质的翻译后修饰,在癌症的不同阶段其修饰的异常程度不同,从而影响肿瘤发生的生物学进程。研究表明,lncRNA可以通过自身修饰或参与其他生物大分子的表观遗传修饰进程参与癌症的发生发展。因此,回顾了lncRNA所参与的表观遗传修饰形式和lncRNA在表观遗传修饰方面所起到的作用,并概述了lncRNA通过影响表观遗传修饰水平从而调控癌症进程的方法。旨在总结癌症细胞内表观遗传修饰方面所涉及lncRNA的研究进展,为癌症诊断和治疗提供潜在的靶标和生物学标志物。Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)are generally defined as RNA transcripts of more than 200 nucleotides in length with limited protein-coding capacity;however their functions are diverse and complex.Previous studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs are closely related to cancer development and are potential cancer regulators.lncRNAs can participate in the regulation of intracellular biological processes in different ways.It is a potential cancer regulator.Among them,lncRNAs can affect cancer progression mainly through regulating the level of epigenetic modification.Epigenetic modifications exist in the cells during the pathogenesis of cancer such as DNA modification,RNA modification,and post-translational modification of proteins including methylation,acetylation,phosphorylation,glycosylation,and ubiquitination,and the degree of abnormal modifications is different at different stages of cancer.This phenomenon will affect the biological processes of tumorigenesis.Studies have shown that lncRNAs can participate in the occurrence and development of cancer through self-modification or taking part in the epigenetic modification of other biomolecules.Therefore,the epigenetic modification lncRNAs participate in and the role of lncRNAs in epigenetic modification were reviewed.This paper explores how lncRNAs affect cancer progression through regulating the level of epigenetic modification in order to summarize and analyze the research progress and provide potential targets and biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and treatment.

关 键 词：lncRNA 表观遗传修饰 癌症 

分 类 号：Q522[生物学—生物化学]