呼伦湖流域浮游植物群落结构特征与历史演替趋势  

Characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and its historical succession trend in Hulun Lake

作　　者：傅侃 周筱宇 柴夏 唐坦 王朝 FU Kan;ZHOU Xiao-yu;CHAI Xia;TANG Tan;WANG Chao(Nanjing Zhongke Water Environment Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210046,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中科水治理股份有限公司,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《环境生态学》2021年第9期27-32,共6页Environmental Ecology

摘　　要：呼伦湖是内蒙古第一大湖,在区域生态环境保护中具有特殊地位。为了解其浮游植物群落结构特征及历史变化趋势,2020年对呼伦湖中浮游植物的种类组成、现存量、优势种及多样性进行调查,结合以往水生生物群落组成的历史资料,比较了呼伦湖生态系统及生物多样性指数的变化特征及演替趋势。结果表明,调查中共鉴定出浮游植物141种,隶属7门69属,其中绿藻门(66种)种类最多。目前呼伦湖区仍以蓝藻为优势种群,其数量占总数91.7%,但近40年的历史演变趋势显示,呼伦湖湖区浮游植物数量和生物量不断降低,从生物量上分析,蓝藻所占比重依然最高,但比值显著降低,而硅藻质量占比则显著增加。Hulun Lake is the largest lake in Inner Mongolia,which has a special status in regional ecological environment protection.In order to understand its characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and historical succession trend,in 2020,an investigation about the species composition,standing crop,dominant species and diversity of phytoplankton in Hulun Lake was conducted.Based on the investigation results and the historical data of the composition of aquatic communities,the change characteristics and succession trend of ecosystem and biodiversity index of Hulun Lake were compared.The results showed that a total of 141 species of phytoplankton were identified in the survey,belonging to 7 phyla and 69 genera,among which 66 species of Chlorophyta were the most.At present,in Hulun Lake,cyanobacteria is still the dominant population,accounting for 91.7%of the total population,however,the historical evolution trend in the past 40 years shows that its number and biomass of phytoplankton are constantly decreasing.In terms of biomass,the proportion of cyanobacteria was still the highest,but the ratio decreased significantly,while the proportion of diatoms increased significantly.

关 键 词：浮游植物 呼伦湖 种类组成 优势种 生物多样性 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]