The distribution,characteristics and fluid sources of lode gold deposits:An overview  

作　　者：Christina Yan WANG Bo WEI Wei TAN Zaicong WANG Qingdong ZENG 

机构地区：[1]CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,510640,China [2]CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,510640,China [3]State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources(GPMR),School of Earth Sciences,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,430074,China [4]Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100029,China [5]Institutions of Earth Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100029,China [6]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100029,China

出　　处：《Science China Earth Sciences》2021年第9期1463-1480,共18页中国科学（地球科学英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant Nos.2016YFC0600103 and 2016YFC0600109);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41702042)。

摘　　要：Lode gold deposits are among the most economically important types of gold deposits in the world.Globally,they formed mainly in three time intervals,2.8 to 2.5 Ga,2.1 to 1.8 Ga,and 700 Ma to the present.Sources of ore-forming fluids and other components are of critical importance in a better understanding of the genesis and the geodynamic controls of these deposits.Although ore-forming fluids were mostly derived from devolatization of sedimentary and/or volcanic sequences during greenschist to amphibolite facies metamorphism associated with orogenic deformation,magmatic hydrothermal fluids have been increasingly shown to be important in many gold deposits in various regions.In this review paper,we summarize the major features of lode gold deposits,possible sources of ore-forming fluids,and mechanisms of gold mineralization.While we acknowledge the critical role of metamorphically derived fluids in the genesis of such deposits worldwide,we emphasize that mantle-or basaltic magma-derived fluids may have been much more important than commonly thought.We use the Liaodong peninsula of the North China Craton as an example to demonstrate the significance of mantle-derived fluids.Integrating earlier studies and new data,we show that some of the late Mesozoic lode gold deposits in the North China Craton may have formed from magmatic hydrothermal fluids due to the extension and partial melting of the hydrated,metasomatized subcontinental lithosphere mantle,as best exemplified by the Wulong gold deposit.

关 键 词：Lode gold deposit Ore-forming fluid Metasomatized subcontinental lithosphere mantle Mantle-derived melt/fluid North China Craton 

分 类 号：P618.51[天文地球—矿床学]