2011-2019年深圳市龙岗区流行性感冒流行病学及病原学特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of influenza in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 2011-2019

作　　者：赖妙儿[1] 许华文 金玉娟[1] 陈应坚[1] 周健明[1] 杨慧[1] 王琼瑶[1] 洪敏丽[1] 李静媚[1] LAI Miao-er;XU Hua-wen;JIN Yu-juan;CHEN Ying-jian;ZHOU Jian-ming;YANG Hui;WANG Qiong-yao;HONG Min-li;LI Jing-mei(Microbiological Laboratory,Longgang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen Guangdong,518172,China;School of Public Health,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou Guangdong,511430,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗区疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科,广东深圳518172 [2]广东药科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州511430

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第14期1946-1949,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的对2011—2019年深圳市龙岗区流行性感冒(流感)的流行病学及病原学特征进行总结,为流感的精准防控工作提供科学依据。方法收集整理2011—2019年龙岗区流感样病例监测和病原学检测鉴定的相关数据,用Excel 2010及SPSS 25.0软件进行统计分析。结果 2011—2019年深圳市龙岗区哨点医院共报告就诊病例4 616 885例,流感样病例2 27 850例,年平均流感样病例就诊比例(ILI%)为4.94%,发病水平总体呈下降趋势(χ2趋势=3 935.16,P<0.01);病例集中在5岁以下儿童(51.09%),不同年龄组流感样病例分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6 955.37,P<0.01)。流感型别常年以甲型H1、H3、B-V和B-Y交替流行,其中,A(H1)在<15岁儿童中比例最高,>60岁老年人易感B-Y。2011—2019年共报告流感疫情暴发331起,集中发生在中小学和托幼机构。结论龙岗区流感病毒型别交替变化呈现一定规律,儿童和老年人是流感高危人群,建议在每年流感高发季节之前加大对该人群的流感疫苗接种,同时加强对学校和托幼机构的流感防控和监测工作。Objective To summarize the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of influenza in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 2011-2019,provide scientific basis for precise prevention and control of influenza. Methods Data of influenza-like illness monitoring and pathogens surveillance in Longgang District from 2011-2019 were collected,and analyzed by Excel 2010 and SPSS 25.0 software. Results From 2011-2019,a total of 4 616 885 outpatients and 227 850 influenza-like illness were reported in three sentinel hospitals in Longgang District of Shenzhen1 City. The annual average visit percentage of influenza-like illness(ILI%) was 4.94%,showing a trend of downward( χ2 trend= 3 935. 16, P < 0. 01 ). The influenza cases were concentrated on children under 5 years of age(51.09%). The difference in distribution of influenza-like cases among different age groups was statistically significant (χ^(2)=6 955.37,P <0.01). The influenza A H1,H3,B-V and B-Y subtypes appear alternately in each year.Children aged <15 years were more likely to be infected with influenza A H1 strains,and the elderly more than 60 years were prone to be infected with B-Y strains. From 2011-2019,a total of 331 influenza outbreaks were reported,which concentrated in primary and secondary schools and childcare facilities. Conclusion The alternation of influenza virus types shows a certain regularity in Longgang District. Children and the elderly are high-risk groups for influenza. It is suggested that influenza vaccination should be strengthened before the high incidence season of influenza every year,and the influenza prevention and control and monitoring in schools and kindergartens should be improved.

关 键 词：深圳市龙岗区 流感样病例 病原学监测 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]