应用生物完整性指数评价钱塘江流域—浙江段水生态系统健康  

Aquatic Ecological Health Assessment of Qiantang River Basin in Zhejiang Province by Phytoplankton Index of Biotic Integrity

作　　者：肖善势 郝雅宾[1] 刘金殿[1] 张爱菊[1] 王俊[1] 罗伟 何海生 周志明[1] XIAO Shanshi;HAO Yabin;LIU Jindian;ZHANG Aiju;WANG Jun;LUO Wei;HE Haisheng;ZHOU Zhiming(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province,Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Zhejiang Research Center of East China Sea Fishery Research Institute,Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries,Huzhou 313001,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省淡水水产研究所,中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所浙江研究中心,农业农村部淡水渔业健康养殖重点实验室,浙江省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室,浙江湖州313001

出　　处：《水产科学》2021年第5期740-749,共10页Fisheries Science

基　　金：浙江省农业农村厅财政专项.

摘　　要：生物完整性指数是一种评估水生态系统健康的指数。为查明钱塘江流域—浙江段水生态系统健康状况,于2018年5月、7月、9月和12月,共4次对16个断面(3个参照断面、13个受损断面)进行浮游植物及水质数据的采集及分析。采用分布范围分析、Mann-Whitney非参数检验及Spearman相关性分析从37个候选参数中筛选得到5个核心参数:甲藻和隐藻丰度、硅藻相对丰度、硅藻商、硅藻和绿藻相对丰度、桥弯藻属相对丰度。通过比值法计算各参数的得分,构建适于钱塘江流域—浙江段的浮游植物生物完整性指数。结果显示,16个采样断面中有1个断面处于“健康”状态,3个断面处于“中等健康”状态,9个断面健康等级为“一般”,3个断面健康等级为“差”。由此可见,钱塘江流域—浙江段水生态系统受损程度轻,但受损面较大,应进一步提高工业、农业和生活污水的处理能力,并利用水生植物进行水体修复,避免其水体进一步恶化。该评价体系能够较好地反映钱塘江流域—浙江段水体的健康状况,但由于浮游植物生物完整性指数受气候及地理区域影响较大,导致其适用水域类型范围较小。因此,针对生境差异较大的研究水域,应建立不同的浮游植物生物完整性指数。In order to learn more about the aquatic ecosystem health in Qiantang River basin in Zhejiang,phytoplankton and water quality data were collected and analyzed from 16 sites(3 reference points and 13 impaired points)for four times in May,July,September and December,2018 by a series of methods including the distribution analysis,the Mann-Whitney nonparametric test and Spearman correlation analysis to obtain the main metrics.Finally,five main parameters(abundance of Dinophyta and Cryptophyta,relative abundance of Bacillariophyta,Centrales abundance/Pennales abundance,relative abundance of Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta,and relative abundance of Cymbella)were screened out from 37 candidate parameters.Then a phytoplankton index of biotic integrity(P-IBI)value was obtained to evaluate the aquatic ecological health by summing up the scores of every metrics calculated by the ratio method.The results showed that 1 of the 16 sections was healthy,three were in medium health condition,9 was fair,and three were in poor health.It can be seen that the aquatic ecosystem was relatively damaged slightly in larger area of the Qiantang River in Zhejiang province.Therefore,the treatment capacity of industrial,agricultural and domestic sewage was further improved and hydrophyte was planted for water remediation to avoid further deterioration of its water.The findings indicated that the evaluation system reflected the health status of the Qiantang River appropriately,and that the range of its application was relatively narrow due to P-IBI being greatly affected by climate and geographical region in study basin.In conclusion,different P-IBI should be established for the water area with obvious habitat differences.

关 键 词：浮游植物 生物完整性指数 钱塘江 生态系统健康 

分 类 号：S932.2[农业科学—渔业资源]