谷子秸秆微晶纤维素的制备与表征  

Separation and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose from foxtail millet straw

作　　者：栗晶晶 王浩川 付莎莉 常智 荆小院[1] 李毅 肖畅 朱子卿 薛智权[1] 郭宁馨 高建华[1] Li Jingjing;Wang Haochuan;Fu Shali;Chang Zhi;Jing Xiaoyuan;Li Yi;Xiao Chang;Zhu Ziqing;Xue Zhiquan;Guo Ningxin;Gao Jianhua(College of Life Sciences,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030801;College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agri-cultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030801)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学生命科学学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期9-16,共8页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：2019年山西省高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划项目(17-013)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究谷子秸秆的新型处理方法,以有效利用生物资源。[方法]以谷子秸秆为研究对象,探索了采用微波辅助的碱处理和酸水解制备谷子秸秆微晶纤维素(FMS-MCC)的工艺流程;并用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对FMS-MCC进行结构表征;还利用培养解淀粉芽孢杆菌检测各产品间的潜在差异。[结果]谷子秸秆粉末(FMSP)电镜下呈现片层结构。碱处理后样品呈不规则形态且表面粗糙;同时,木质素的特征峰消失,表明碱处理能够彻底去除木质素。对剩余的纤维素进行不同时间酸解后,获得相应的FMS-MCC。木质素和半纤维素的特征峰消失,其他纤维素峰值不再发生显著变化,样品成分已达稳定。此外,FMS-MCC的微观形貌均为短棒状或颗粒状,互相之间并无显著差异。与商品微晶纤维素(MCC)相比,颗粒的表面光泽度稍有差。解淀粉芽孢杆菌对FMSP的利用效果最佳,同时,较商品MCC,对FMS-MCC的利用效果更好。[结论]利用谷子秸秆制备的FMS-FCC与商品MCC并无较大差异,这为其生物质秸秆的综合利用开拓了新方向。[Objective]The new treatment method of Foxtail millet straw was investigated to effectively utilize biological resources.[Methods]Millet straw was used as the experimental material,and foxtail millet straw microcrystalline cellulose(FMS-MCC)was extracted from foxtail millet straw by microwave-assisted alkali treatment and acid hydrolysis.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)were used to characterize the structure of FMS-MCC.Culture of Bacillus amyloliticus was also used to detect potential differences among the products.[Results]Foxtail millet straw powder(FMSP)showed a lamellar structure under the electron microscope.After alkali treatment,the samples showed irregular shape and rough surface.At the same time,the characteristic peak of lignin disappeared,indicating that alkali treatment completely removed lignin.After the acidolysis of the remaining cellulose for different time,the corresponding FMS-MCC(T1,T2,T3,T4 and T5)were obtained.The characteristic peaks of lignin and hemicellulose disappeared,while the peaks of other cellulose did not change significantly,and the sample composition was stable.In addition,the microscopic morphology of FMS-MCC was short rod-like or granular,and there was no significant difference between each other.Compared with commercial Microcrystalline cellulose(MCC),the surface gloss of the particles was slightly worse.B.amyloliticus had the best use effect on FMSP,and it showed better use effect on FMS-MCC than commercial MCC.[Conclusion]There was no significant difference between FMS-FCC extracted from millet straw and commercial MCC,which opens up a new direction for the comprehensive utilization of its biomass straw.

关 键 词：谷子 秸秆 微晶纤维素 解淀粉芽孢杆菌 

分 类 号：S38[农业科学—农艺学]