多普勒雷达在飑线系统资料同化及灾害性天气监测预报中的应用  

Application of Doppler Radar in Data Assimilation of Squall Line System and Disastrous Weather Monitoring and Forecasting

作　　者：史华湘 余意[1] 张卫民[1] 李少英 SHI Huaxiang;YU Yi;ZHANG Weimin;LI Shaoying(School of Computer Science,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学计算机学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《三峡生态环境监测》2021年第3期63-72,共10页Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42075149,41375113,41675097);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2019JJ50733)。

摘　　要：飑线、台风、龙卷等中小尺度强对流系统通常形成强风、短时强降水、冰雹等剧烈天气,具有较为严重的灾害性。本文针对2016年6月21-22日江苏地区发生的一次飑线天气系统,利用新一代中尺度预报WRF(the weather research and forecasting model)模式及其三维变分同化WRF_3DVAR(3-dimensional variational)系统,循环同化多普勒雷达资料,基于数值模拟结果,分析该飑线系统的发展机制和结构特征。计算结果表明:(1)高时空分辨率的雷达观测资料能有效捕捉到飑线系统的中小尺度动力、热力特征,这些信息是飑线发生发展的动力和热力条件;(2)WRF_3DVAR同化系统循环同化多普勒雷达的径向速度和反射率资料,能提供一个更为准确的预报模式初始场,进而提高飑线强对流系统的模拟效果。Squall lines,typhoons,tornadoes and other small and medium-scale strong convective systems usually form severe disas⁃trous weather such as strong winds,short-term heavy precipitation,hail,etc..This paper studied a squall line weather system oc⁃curred in Jiangsu from June 21 to 22,2016.A new generation of the weather research and forecasting model(WRF)and its three dimensional variational assimilation system(WRF_3DVAR)were used to cyclically assimilate Doppler radar data.Based on the ob⁃servation and numerical simulation results,the development mechanism and structural characteristics of the squall line system were analyzed.The results show that:(1)from the radar observation data with high temporal and spatial resolution,the small and medi⁃um-scale dynamical and thermal characteristics of the squall line system can be effectively captured;(2)the WRF_3DVAR system cyclically assimilated the radial velocity and reflectivity of the Doppler radar,and can provide a more accurate initial field for the numerical model,thereby to improve the simulated evolution of the squall line system of strong convection.

关 键 词：多普勒雷达 飑线系统 资料同化 径向速度 反射率 WRF模式 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]