由出土医药文献所见植物药蠡测秦汉药学中的文化因子  

Study on the Cultural Factors in Pharmacology of the Qin and Han Dynasties Based on the Herbal Medicines in Unearthed Medical Literature

作　　者：郭幼为 GUO Youwei(School of History and Culture,South China Normal University Guangzhou 510000,China;Department of Criminal Technology,Guangdong Police College,Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学历史文化学院,广州510000 [2]广东警官学院刑事技术系,广州510000

出　　处：《中医药文化》2021年第4期345-352,共8页Chinese Medical Culture

摘　　要：在收录药物丰富的出土医药文献中,植物药占有较大比例。辑录、汇总出土医药文献中的植物药内容,并就此蠡测秦汉药学中的四方面文化因素,即方药渊源迹象明显、药(方)区域间交流频繁、药食同源痕迹清晰、一些毒药由"药之凶毒者"向"百药之长"过渡。透过这些文化要素可以明了先民治病驱疾、处方施药的经验源头,找到秦汉及以前药学史发展的蛛丝马迹,对挖掘和保护中医古籍中的中医药文化大有裨益。In the unearthed medical literature recording many drugs, herbal medicines also account for a large proportion. This paper collects and summarizes the contents of herbal medicine in unearthed medical literature, and finds out four cultural elements in the pharmacology of the Qin and Han dynasties. Firstly, the origin of prescriptions is obvious. Secondly, the communication of medicine(prescription) between areas was frequent. Thirdly, there was clear record of the homology of medicine and food. Fourthly, some poisons played a positive role in the treatment. Through these cultural elements, we can understand the source of the ancestors’ experience in treating diseases and prescribing drugs, and find the clues of the development of pharmaceutical history in the Qin and Han dynasties and before, which is of great help to explore and protect the traditional Chinese medicine culture in the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine.

关 键 词：出土医药文献 药学史 植物药 本草 秦汉 

分 类 号：R2-09[医药卫生—中医学] R28