深部重大工程灾害监测与防控技术研究现状及发展趋势  

Research status and development trend of major engineering disaster prevention and control technology in deep underground

作　　者：李利平[1,2] 贾超 孙子正[1,2] 刘洪亮 成帅[1,2] LI Liping;JIA Chao;SUN Zizheng;LIU Hongliang;CHENG Shuai(Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;School of Qilu Transportation,Shandong University,Jinan 250002,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学岩土与结构工程研究中心,山东济南250061 [2]山东大学齐鲁交通学院,山东济南250002

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第8期2539-2556,共18页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金资助项目(2019JZZY010601,2019JZZY010428);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51991394,U1934218);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2020M682182,2021T140414)。

摘　　要：在系统整理国内外资料的基础上,分别从深部工程强突涌水、高强度岩爆、软岩大变形、巨石垮塌和煤矿冲击地压灾害等问题出发,探讨其灾变机理、监测预警方法及防控关键技术。研究结果表明:解决相关重大工程灾害防控难题需重点开展孕灾地质判别、灾变机理明晰和靶向精细调控等几方面研究,重点突破方向在于岩体信息高精度探查、灾变过程演化信息捕捉、监测模式设计、监测预警装备智能化与信息化等方面,为深部重大工程灾害预防与控制领域的研究提供参考。Based on the systematic collation of data at home and abroad,the disaster mechanism,monitoring and early warning methods and key prevention and control technologies were discussed according to the adverse geological hazards as deep underground engineering from the aspects of strong water inrush,high-strength rock burst,large deformation of soft rock,rock collapse and coal mine burst.The results show that to solve the problems of prevention and control of major engineering disasters,it is necessary to focus on the study of geological discrimination of disaster,clarification of disaster mechanism and targeted fine control,etc.,and the key breakthrough direction lies in the high-precision exploration of rock mass information,the capture of disaster process evolution information,the design of monitoring methods and modes,and monitoring and early warning equipment intelligent and information.It can provide reference for the research in the field of prevention and control of deep major engineering disasters.

关 键 词：深部工程 岩石工程 重大地质灾害 监测预警 灾害防控 

分 类 号：U455[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]