中国暖季近地面臭氧浓度空间格局演变及主要气象驱动因素  

Spatial Variation of Surface Ozone Concentration During the Warm Season and Its Meteorological Driving Factors in China

作　　者：何超 慕航 杨璐 王丹璐[2] 邸彦峰 叶志祥 易嘉慧 柯碧钦 田雅 洪松[1] HE Chao;MU Hang;YANG Lu;WANG Dan-lu;DI Yan-feng;YE Zhi-xiang;YI Jia-hui;KE Bi-qin;TIAN Ya;HONG Song(School of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;College of Environment and Resources,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,武汉430079 [2]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]广西师范大学环境与资源学院,桂林541006

出　　处：《环境科学》2021年第9期4168-4179,共12页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0206201,2017YFC0212600)。

摘　　要：中国的近地面臭氧(O_(3))浓度在2015~2018年间持续升高,已成为仅次于颗粒物的重要大气污染物.基于中国337个城市2015~2018年暖季(4~9月)的实时O_(3)浓度数据和气象数据,利用趋势分析、空间自相关、热点分析和多尺度地理加权回归(MGWR),研究了2015~2018年中国暖季地表O_(3)浓度的空间演变格局,探讨了气象因素对其驱动的空间差异性.结果表明:①中国暖季O_(3)浓度整体呈显著升高趋势(P<0.05),平均升高速率为0.28μg·(m3·a)^(-1),其中超过55%的城市O_(3)浓度每年升高0.50μg·m^(-3);②O_(3)浓度存在明显的区域差异,高值区(平均浓度>60μg·m^(-3))分布在华东、华北、华中和西北部分地区;低值区(平均浓度<20μg·m^(-3))分布在华南和西南地区;③O_(3)浓度变化趋势在空间上存在位于华东、华北、西北以及华中地区的热点区域和位于西南、华南(广西)以及东北地区的冷点区域;④气温是中国暖季O_(3)变化的主要气象驱动因素,其对华北、西北和东北地区O_(3)浓度的影响显著高于其他地区;除广西、云南和江西部分地区外,O_(3)浓度与气温呈显著正相关;O_(3)浓度在华南、华东和华中大部分地区与风速呈显著负相关,O_(3)浓度在华北和东北部分地区与风速呈显著正相关;除辽宁、山东、河北、甘肃、广东及西南部分地区外,O_(3)浓度与云层覆盖度呈显著负相关;除西北和西南部分地区外,O_(3)浓度与降水呈显著负相关.The concentration of surface ozone( O_(3)) in China increased consistently from 2015 to 2018,and became an important air pollutant,followed by particulate matter. This study uses real-time O_(3) and meteorological data,obtained in 337 cities in China during the warm seasons( April to September) of 2015 to 2018,to determine the spatial variation of surface O_(3) and its meteorological driving factors in major cities in China,via trend analysis,spatial autocorrelation,hotspot analysis,and multi-scale geographically weighted regression( MGWR) modeling. The results show that:(1) during the warm season,O_(3) concentrations showed a significant growth trend( P <0. 05),with an average growth rate of 0. 28 μg·( m3·a)^(-1),while more than 55% of urban O_(3) concentrations increased by 0. 50μg·m^(-3) annually.(2) There were significant regional differences in O_(3) concentration. High values( > 60 μg·m^(-3)) were distributed over east China,north China,central China,and northwest China,while low values( < 20 μg·m^(-3)) were distributed over south China and southwest China.(3) The spatial agglomeration of O_(3) concentration has been enhanced year by year,with hotspots mainly distributed over east China and central China. In contrast,there are cold spots in northeast China,southwest China,and southern China.(4) Analysis of the MGWR model indicated that temperature,wind speed,cloud coverage,and precipitation all have a significant effect on the distribution of O_(3),although there are also discrepancies in driving factor priorities between the different regions. Temperature was the main meteorological driving factor of O_(3) variation during the warm season in China,and its impact on O_(3) concentration was significantly higher in north China,northwest China,and northeast China than in other regions;overall,there was a significant positive correlation between O_(3) concentration and temperature,except in Guangxi,Yunnan,and Jiangxi. O_(3) concentration was negatively correlated with wind speed in most regions of sout

关 键 词：臭氧(O_(3)) 空间格局 气象要素 多尺度地理加权回归(MGWR) 中国 

分 类 号：X515[环境科学与工程—环境工程]