垃圾填埋场生化降解指标测试及液气产量评估  

Biochemical degradation index test and liquid-gas production evaluation of waste landfill

作　　者：柯瀚[1] 徐兴 胡杰[1] 张美兰 兰盛泽 徐辉 张晨晟 肖电坤[1] KE Han;XU Xing;HU Jie;ZHANG Mei-Lan;LAN Sheng-Ze;XU Hui;ZHANG Chen-Sheng;XIAO Dian-Kun(Institute of Geotechical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;Shanghai Laogang Waste Disposal Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 201302,China;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学岩土工程研究所,浙江杭州310027 [2]上海老港废弃物处置公司,上海201302 [3]浙江理工大学建筑工程学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2021年第9期4167-4175,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1806000);中国博士后科学基金(2021M692836)。

摘　　要：以上海某综合垃圾填埋场作为研究对象,钻取不同龄期的生活垃圾测试固液气生化降解指标,并对全场的渗滤液产量以及填埋气产量进行评估.经过测试和计算,该处区域已开始稳定产甲烷,进入慢速降解阶段.其中,固相垃圾样的C/L(纤维素与木质素的比值)大部分集中在0.72~1.53之间;渗滤液pH值介于7.91~8.92,BOD介于1050~5780mg/L,COD介于2640~15200mg/L,NH_(3)-N介于2110~4360mg/L.引入固相、液相以及气相归一化指标β_(1)、β_(2)、β_(3),用于评估填埋场降解阶段.其中,β_(1)介于0.56~0.83,β_(2)介于0.65~0.76,β_(3)介于0.97~1.02.β_(1)与β_(2)能够作为判定垃圾场降解阶段的指标,但β_(3)只能作为判定垃圾场是否处于稳定产甲烷阶段的指标.另外,建立考虑垃圾压缩-渗流耦合作用的渗滤液产量计算方法,垃圾自身渗滤液产率在70%~80%左右;采用垃圾两阶段降解模型计算填埋气产量,随着垃圾停止入场填埋,填埋气可收集量快速降低,至2025a降至峰值的3.88%,至2040a降至峰值的0.08%.Taking a comprehensive waste landfill in Shanghai as the research object,the municipal solid waste samples were drilled for testing of biochemical degradation index.The results showed that the waste in the testing area has begun to produce methane stably,and it entered the slow degradation stage.Among them,the C/L(the ratio of cellulose and lignin)values of solid waste samples range from 0.72 and 1.53;pH values of leachate were between 7.91 to 8.92;BOD values were between 1050 and 5780mg/L,COD values were between 2640 and 15200mg/L,NH3-N values were between 2110~4360 mg/L.The normalized indexes β_(1),β_(2),and β_(3) for solid,liquid and gas phases were introduced to evaluate the degradation stage of the landfill.Among them,β_(1) values were between 0.56 and 0.83;β_(2) values were between 0.65 and 0.76;β_(3) values were between 0.97 and 1.02.β_(1) and β_(2) could be used as the indicators determining the degradation stage of landfill,but β_(3) could only be used to determine whether it is in the stable methane production stage.In addition,the calculation method of leachate production considering the coupling effect of compression and seepage was established.The leachate production rate from waste was around 70%~80%.The landfill gas production was calculated using the two-stage degradation model.As the waste stops landfilling,the landfill gas production rapidly decreased,and it would drop to 3.88% of the peak value by 2025 and would reduce to 0.08% of the peak value by 2040.

关 键 词：垃圾填埋场 固液气生化降解指标 渗滤液产率 填埋气产量 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]