合作猪夏冬季的肠道菌群结构  

Study on the structure of intestinal microflora in Hezuo pigs in summer and winter

作　　者：裴利君 杨巧丽 王鹏飞[1] 滚双宝[1,2] PEI Lijun;YANG Qiaoli;WANG Pengfei;GUN Shuangbao(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Research Center for Swine Production Engineering and Technology,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省现代养猪工程技术研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2021年第4期8-15,共8页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：甘肃农业大学人才专项基金(2017RCZX-15).

摘　　要：【目的】探究合作猪夏季和冬季肠道微生物菌群多样性和组成特征.【方法】采用16S rRNA基因测序技术分析夏季和冬季半放牧饲养的6月龄健康合作猪的粪便菌群结构特征.【结果】合作猪冬季与夏季肠道菌群α多样性指数差异不显著(P>0.05),但β多样性冬季显著高于夏季(P<0.05);厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和螺旋体门(Spirochaetes)为夏季合作猪和冬季合作猪粪便菌群优势菌门,unidentified_Clostridiales细菌属和Terrisporobacter为夏季合作猪和冬季合作猪粪便菌群的优势菌属.菌群组成差异分析显示,在科水平,夏季合作猪粪便菌群中链球菌科(Streptococcaceae)、普雷沃氏菌科(Prevotellaceae)、丹毒丝菌科(Erysipelotrichaceae)、乳杆菌科(Lactobacillaceae)和消化球菌科(Peptococcaceae)的相对丰度显著高于冬季合作猪(P<0.05),而冬季合作猪粪便菌群中甲烷杆菌科(Methanobacteriaceae)的相对丰度显著高于夏季合作猪(P<0.05);在种水平,拟普雷沃菌309(Alloprevotella_sp_feline_oral_taxon_309)、梭菌属细菌ID5(Clostridium_sp_ID5)、柏林密螺旋体菌(Treponema_berlinense)和溶纸梭菌(Clostridium papyrosolvens)在夏季合作猪粪便菌群中的相对丰度均显著高于冬季合作猪(P<0.05);反刍甲烷杆菌(Methanobrevibacter_ruminantium)、瘤胃菌属细菌YS3(Rumen_bacterium_YS3)以及毛螺旋菌科细菌YE64(Bacterium YE64)在冬季合作猪粪便菌群中的相对丰度均显著高于夏季合作猪(P<0.05).【结论】合作猪肠道菌群多样性和组成与其适应不同季节气候和饲草种类的变化有关.【Objective】The study aimed to explore the characteristics of diversity and composition of intestinal microflora in Hezuo pigs in summer and winter.【Method】The characteristics of fecal microflora of 6-month-old healthy Hezuo pigs,which fed by semi-grazing in summer and winter,was analyzed by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology.【Result】There was no significant difference in theαdiversity of intestinal bacteria in winter and summer(P>0.05),while theβdiversity in winter was significantly higher than that in summer(P<0.05).Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes were the dominant phyla of the pig’s fecal microflora either in summer or winter.Unidentified_Clostridiales and Terrisporobacter were the dominant genera of the pig’s fecal microflora in both seasons.Through the analysis on microflora composition difference,it was showed that at the level of family,the relative abundances of Streptococcaceae,Prevotellaceae,Erysipelotrichaceae,Lactobacillaceae and Peptococcaceae in the pig’s fecal microflora in summer were significantly higher than those in winter(P<0.05),whereas the relative abundance of Methanobacteriaceae in the fecal microflora was significantly higher in winter than in summer(P<0.05).At the level of species,the relative abundances of Alloprevotella sp.Feline oral taxon 309,Clostridium sp.ID5,Treponema_berlinense and Clostridium papyrosolvens in the pig’s fecal microflora in summer were significantly higher than those in winter(P<0.05).The relative abundances of Methanobrevibacter ruminantium,Rumen bacterium YS3 and Bacterium YE64 in the pig’s fecal microflora were significantly higher in winter than those in summer(P<0.05).【Conclusion】The variation in diversity and composition of intestinal microflora in Hezuo pigs were associated with their adaptation to climate and forages in different seasons.

关 键 词：合作猪 季节 肠道菌群 16S rRNA基因测序 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]