辣椒育苗基质研究  

Study on the substrate of pepper seedling

作　　者：贾廷新 王晓巍 颉建明[1] 王文丽 JIA Tingxin;WANG Xiaowei;XIE Jianming;WANG Wenli(College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Vegetable Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China;Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Water Saving Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2021年第4期61-68,共8页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2016YFD0501401);甘肃省财政引导专项(2018GAAS13).

摘　　要：【目的】筛选辣椒幼苗生长最佳栽培基质配方,为高原牧区畜禽粪便循环利用提供理论依据.【方法】以腐熟的羊粪、草炭、腐殖酸煤为主要原料,通过添加珍珠岩配制成复合基质,以商品育苗基质为对照,研究不同配比基质的理化性质及其对辣椒幼苗生理指标的影响,通过主成分分析法综合分析,筛选出适合辣椒穴盘育苗的最佳基质配比.【结果】不同配比基质的理化性质均符合育苗基质的要求,其中T5中的碱解氮、速效钾、全氮、有机质含量均显著高于CK,分别高了34.3%、391.4%、20.8%、52.9%,辣椒地上部鲜质量、地上部干质量、株高、茎粗、叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量为各处理中最优,利用主成分分析法进行生长和生理指标综合打分,T5得分最高,为4.383.【结论】T5处理(羊粪∶草炭∶腐殖酸煤∶珍珠岩=2∶6∶1∶0.2)可作为辣椒穴盘育苗基质并可代替部分草炭型基质.【Objective】This study is aimed at obtaining a proper substrate formula for pepper cultivation to provide a theoretical basis for the recycling of livestock manure in plateau pastoral areas.【Method】In this experiment,with commercial seedling substrate as the control(CK),the mixed substrate was made from four raw materials,i.e.,the decomposed sheep dung,grass charcoal,humic acid coal and perlite.The physical and chemical properties of the mixed substrates with different proportions of raw materials were determined,and their effect on physiological indexes of pepper was tested by the principal component analysis for the purpose of screening the optimum substrate formula.【Result】The physical and chemical properties of the mixed substrates were in line with the requirements of seedling substrates.Of the different mixed substrates,T5 are significantly higher in the contents of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available potassium,total nitrogen,and organic matter than the CK,and they are 34.3%,391.4%,20.8%,and 52.9%higher than that of the CK,respectively.For the individuals of pepper cultivated in T5 substrate,their fresh weight,dry weight,plant height and stem thickness,chlorophyll content,and soluble sugar content are all the best among different treatments.By comprehensive scoring for growth and physiological indicators with the method of principal component analysis,the score of T5 was the highest at 4.383.【Conclusion】It was suggested that the T5 substrate(sheep manure∶grass charcoal∶humic acid coal∶perlite=2∶6∶1∶0.2)was the best formula of substrate for pepper plug seedlings,and could replace traditional peat substrates.

关 键 词：辣椒 育苗基质 羊粪 幼苗 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]