钾肥施用量对马铃薯生长、产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Potassium Application Rate on the Growth,Yield and Quality of Potatoes

作　　者：魏毅 WEI Yi(Quanzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Quanzhou, Fujian 362212, China)

机构地区：[1]泉州市农业科学研究所,福建泉州362212

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2021年第7期35-39,共5页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省科技计划重大专项(2017NZ0002-2);福建省科技计划项目(2017S0021);泉州市科技计划项目(2020N039)。

摘　　要：为规范闽南地区春种马铃薯钾肥用量,设置0(A_(1)、CK)、75(A_(2))、150(A_(3))、225(A_(4))、300(A_(5))和375 kg·hm^(-2)(A_(6))6个施钾量处理,通过田间试验研究钾肥用量对闽南地区春种马铃薯泉云4号生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明:在闽南地区黄红壤中肥力等级春种条件下,施用钾肥可增大马铃薯SPAD值与叶面积,有利于形成碳水化合物;高施钾量处理A5(K2O 300 kg·hm^(-2))的增产增收效果最好。与不施肥水平(CK)相比,高施钾量处理A_(4)(K_(2)O 225 kg·hm^(-2))以上水平的马铃薯块茎粗蛋白和还原糖含量显著增多,中施钾量处理A_(3)(K_(2)O 150 kg·hm^(-2))以上水平的淀粉含量显著升高,维生素C含量随施钾量的增加而降低。在本试验条件下,闽南地区春种马铃薯泉云4号的K2O适宜施用量为225~300 kg·hm^(-2)。In order to regulate the potassium application rate of spring-sowing potato in southern Fujian,six potassium application rates of 0(A_(1),CK),75(A_(2)),150(A_(3)),225(A_(4)),300(A_(5))and 375 kg·hm^(-2)(A_(6))were set to study the effects of potassium application rate on the growth,yield and quality of the spring-sowing potato Quanyun No.4 in southern Fujian through the field experiment.The results showed that the application of potassium fertilizer could increase the SPAD value and leaf area of potato,and was beneficial to the formation of carbohydrates under the condition of spring sowing in the yellow-red soil of southern Fujian.The potato treated with the high potassium application rate of A5(K2O 300 kg·hm^(-2))had the best yield increase and income increase.Compared with no fertilization(CK),the contents of crude protein and reducing sugar in potato tuber treated with the high potassium application rate above the level of A_(4)(K_(2)O 225 kg·hm^(-2))increased significantly,and the starch content of them treated with the medium potassium application rate above the level of A_(3)(K_(2)O 150 kg·hm^(-2))were significantly increased,while the content of vitamin C was decreased with the increase of potassium application rate.Under the experimental conditions,the suitable K2O application amount for the spring-sowing potato Quanyun No.4 in southern Fujian was 225-300 kg·hm^(-2).

关 键 词：春种马铃薯 钾肥用量 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]