先行先试授权与否的判断依据  

Basis for Judgment of the Authorization of the Pilot Program

作　　者：杨登峰[1] YANG Deng-feng(School of Law, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学中国法治现代化研究院

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第5期115-123,共9页Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“新时代中国改革创新试验的法治问题研究”(18ZDA134)的研究成果。

摘　　要：先行先试的授权制度是调适先行先试与法治之间对立关系的重大制度创新,是制度变革性试验的“入场券”。确定先行先试授权的判断依据并据此界定授权事项范围是实施这一制度的基本前提。《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》提出的重要性依据、侵害性依据和先行先试授权实践中采用的合法性依据是三个基本选项。三种依据的渊源不同,适用对象不同。创制性先行先试的授权应按照侵害性与重要性依据来判断,改制性先行先试的授权应按照合法性依据来判断。不过,对于程序改制性试验则可参考侵害性依据,将授权事项范围限于增加义务性程序和缩减权利性程序两种情形。The system of authorization for pilot program is a major institutional innovation to adjust the antagonistic relationship between the pilot program and rule of law,and it is also an admission to institutional reform.It is the basic premise for the implementation of this system to determine the judgment basis of authorizing the pilot program and to define the scope of items of authorization.The basis of importance,basis of infringement and basis of legality adopted in the pilot program authorization are the three basic options,which are proposed in“Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Major Issues Pertaining to Comprehensively Promoting the Rule of Law”.Three kinds of basis vary in their origins and objects of application.Authorization of creative pilot program should be judged on the basis of infringement and basis of importance while the reformative one should be judged on the legality.However,for pilot program of procedural reform,we can refer to the basis of infringement and limit the scope of authorization to the two cases of increasing procedure of obligations and reducing procedure of rights.

关 键 词：先行先试 授权制度 合法性依据 重要性依据 侵害性依据 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]