图标风格、复杂程度及任务难度对工业图标视觉搜索的影响  

Influence of Icon Style,Complexity and Task Difficulty on Industrial Icon Visual Search

作　　者：张科 吴晓莉[1,2] 王小妍 ZHANG Ke;WU Xiao-li;WANG Xiao-yan(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Lab of Human Factors and Information System Interaction&Design,Hohai University Changzhou 213022,China;College of Design Art and Media,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学机电工程学院,人因与信息系统交互实验室,江苏常州213022 [2]南京理工大学设计艺术与传媒学院,南京210094

出　　处：《人类工效学》2021年第3期13-17,22,共6页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(71601068);江苏省自然科学面上项目(BK20181159);江苏省重点研发计划(社会发展)项目(BE2019647);中央高校基本科研业务费重大基础研究专项(30920041114);江苏省社会科学基金(20YSB013);国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(20FGLB046)。

摘　　要：目的工业系统图标的信息特征能够影响操作员的视觉搜索效率。方法本文为了提高工业图标搜索效率,开展以信息特征为因素的工业系统图标视觉搜索实验,采用视觉标记理论中的预搜索实验范式,选取信息特征作为实验变量,设计目标搜索任务,开展心理学行为反应实验,探究图标风格(扁平、2.5D),复杂程度(简单、复杂),任务难度(6级、9级、12级)对图标搜索效率的影响。结果在主体间效应检验中,图标风格、复杂程度、任务难度均对反应时间具有显著影响;2.5D图标搜索效率优于扁平图标、复杂图标搜索效率优于简单图标;随着任务难度的提高,视觉搜索效率降低。结论视觉标记理论还存在基于特征的抑制机制,且扁平特征受到的抑制强于2.5D特征,简单特征受到的抑制强于复杂特征;随着任务难度的增加,新旧项目的比例越大,视觉标记的特征抑制逐渐减弱,视觉搜索效率降低。Objective The information features of industrial system icons can affect the visual search efficiency of operators.Methods In order to improve the efficiency of icon reading,this paper implements an industrial system icon visual search experiment based on information characteristics.This paper use the pre search paradigm of visual markedness theory,select information features as experimental variables,design the target search task,carry out psychological behavioral response experiments,and explore the influence of icon style(flat,2.5D),complexity(simple and complex),and task difficulty(Level 6,9,12)on icon search efficiency.Results In the test of intersubjectivity effect,icon style,complexity and task difficulty had significant effects on reaction time.2.5D icon search efficiency is better than flat icon and complex icon search efficiency is better than simple icon.With the increase of task difficulty,visual search efficiency is reduced.Conclusion There is also a feature-based inhibition mechanism in visual tagging theory,and the inhibition of flat features is stronger than that of 2.5D features,and the inhibition of simple features is stronger than that of complex features.With the increase of task difficulty and the larger proportion of new and old items,the feature inhibition of visual tagging gradually weakens,and the visual search efficiency decreases.

关 键 词：工业设计 认知工效 工业图标 信息特征 视觉标记 视觉搜索实验 

分 类 号：TB2[一般工业技术—工程设计测绘]