杂交谷子重组自交系群体农艺性状分析  

Analysis of Agronomic Traits of Recombinant Inbred Lines of Hybrid Millet

作　　者：赵芳 张晓磊 魏玮 赵治海 王晓明 宋国亮 ZHAO Fang;ZHANG Xiaolei;WEI Wei;ZHAO Zhihai;WANG Xiaoming;SONG Guoliang(Zhangjiakou Academy of agricultural Science,National Foxtail Millet Improvement Center,Zhangjiakou Hybrid millet sub-center,Engineering Technology Research Center of Hybrid Mlillet in Hebei Province,Zhangjiakou Hebei 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]张家口市农业科学院/国家谷子改良中心张家口杂交谷子分中心/河北省杂交谷子工程技术研究中心,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《种子》2021年第8期30-38,共9页Seed

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-06-13.5-A 5);河北省杂粮杂豆产业体系(HBCT 2018070403);河北省重点研发计划项目(19226328 D)。

摘　　要：研究谷子主要农艺性状的遗传变异,揭示影响谷子单株穗粒重的主要因素,筛选综合性状优良的株系,为高产杂交谷子品种的选育提供理论基础和推荐材料。以张杂谷3号(不育系A 2×冀张谷1号×SR 3522)分离构建的341个家系重组自交系(Recombinant inbred lins,RIL)群体为材料,对抽穗期、倒二叶长、倒二叶宽、株高、茎秆粗度、伸长节节数、成穂茎数、穗颈长度、穗长、穗粗、穗码数、码粒数、穗重、穗粒重、单株草重和千粒重等16个农艺性状进行了遗传变异、相关性分析、逐步回归、通径分析和聚类分析。结果表明,亲本成穗茎数、穂重和穗粒重存在极显著差异,RIL群体主要农艺性状变异丰富,分布频率近似正态分布,表现双向超亲分离。穗粒重与抽穗期、成穂茎数、单株草重和穂重均呈极显著正相关,与倒二叶长、茎秆粗度、伸长节节数和千粒重呈极显著负相关。多元回归分析的拟合度R2=0.920,表明本研究调查的性状基本上涵盖了影响穗粒重的主要性状;通径分析表明,千粒重、穂重、成穂茎数、穂粗、穂长、抽穗期、倒二叶宽、倒二叶长、穂颈长度、伸长节节数、码粒数、茎秆粗度、穂码数和株高是影响单株穗粒重的主要因素,其中抽穗期、成穂茎数、穂长、穂粗、穂重和千粒重对穗粒重的正向直接作用较大,而倒二叶长、倒二叶宽、株高、茎秆粗度、伸长节节数、穂颈长度、穂码数和码粒数通过对单株穗粒重的负向间接作用较大。在欧式距离为25.0处可将RIL群体划分为六类,第Ⅰ类群包括269份材料,该类群中生育期较长,产量较低;第Ⅱ类群包括60份材料,该类群产量水平较低;第Ⅲ类群包括8份材料,该类群产量最低;第Ⅳ类群包括2份材料,该类群产量属中等水平;第Ⅴ类群包括1份材料,该类群产量属上等水平;第Ⅵ类群包括1份材料,该类群产量属中上等水平。To study the genetic variation of main agronomic traits of millet,to reveal the main factors affecting grain weight per spike of millet,and to screen the lines with good comprehensive traits can provide theoretical basis and recommended materials for breeding of high-yield hybrid millet varieties.In this study,341 recombinant inbred lines(RILs)constructed by selfing separation of Zhangzagu 3(sterile line A 2×Jizhanggu 1×SR 3522)were used as materials to conduct genetic variation analysis,correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis,path analysis and cluster analysis based on 16 agronomic traits including heading period,penultimate leaf length,penultimate leaf width,plant height,stem diameter,number of elongation node,stem number of spike,neck-panicle length,ear length,ear diameter,ear yardage,code grain number,ear weight,kernel weight of spike,grass weight per plant and 1000-grain weight.The results showed as follows 1)there were extremely significant differences in stem number of spike,ear weight and kernel weight of spike of parents.In addition,the variation of main agronomic traits in RILs population was abundant,and the distribution frequency was approximately normal,indicating bidirectionally transgressive segregation.2)correlation analysis showed that the kernel weight of spike was positively correlated with heading stage,stem number of spike,grass weight per plant and ear weight,and negatively correlated with penultimate leaf length,stem diameter,number of elongation node and 1000-grain weight.3)the fitting degree based on multiple regression analysis was R2=0.920,indicating that the traits investigated in this study basically covered the main traits affecting the kernel weight of spike.Meanwhile,path analysis showed that 1000-grain weight,ear weight,stem number of spike,ear diameter,ear length,heading stage,penultimate leaf length,penultimate leaf width,neck-panicle length,number of elongation node,code grain number,stem diameter,ear yardage and plant height were the main factors affecting the

关 键 词：杂交谷子 重组自交系 农艺性状 相关分析 通径分析 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]