疫情防控常态化背景下收费公路成本补偿机制探索——基于收费公路准公共物品的有效市场供给分析  

Exploration of Toll Road Cost Compensation Mechanism under the Background of Normalization of Epidemic Prevention and Control——Analysis Based on the Effective Market Supply of Quasi Public Goods on Toll Road

作　　者：刘斌 蒋桂芹[1] 翁燕珍[1] Liu Bin;Jiang Guiqin;Weng Yanzhen

机构地区：[1]交通运输部科学研究院

出　　处：《财政科学》2021年第7期76-83,共8页Fiscal Science

基　　金：交通运输部中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目“支撑交通运输碳达峰财税经济政策研究”(项目编号20210110);陕西省交通运输厅科研项目“‘十四五’陕西交通运输投融资政策研究”(项目编号19-01R)。

摘　　要：收费公路是作为国民经济重要支柱的交通基础设施,在国民经济和社会发展中承担着重要运输功能,属于典型的准公共产品。收费公路项目投资规模大、成熟周期长、盈亏平衡难度大,具有投资收益微平衡的行业特征,导致公路经营企业对其投建管养全生命周期下较难完全通过市场机制实现收支平衡,若受到新冠肺炎疫情这类不可抗力风险的冲击,平衡难度更是加大。本文阐述了收费公路属性、分析了收费公路成本补偿原则,剖析了新冠肺炎疫情冲击下的收费公路经营风险,最后提出了构建常态化收费公路成本补偿机制的相关建议。As the important transportation infrastructure of national economy,toll highways play an important transport function in the whole social and economic development,which are typical quasi-public products.Generally,toll highways projects are characterized by large investment scale,long maturity cycle and great difficulty in break-even,with the characteristic of micro balance of investment income.As a result,it is more difficult for highway operating enterprises to achieve the balance of income and expenditure through market mechanism under the whole life cycle of investment,construction,management and maintenance.And the balance is made more and more difficult by irresistible risks such as COVID-19.This paper explains the properties of toll highways,analyzes the cost compensation principles and the operating risks of toll highways under the impact of COVID-19 epidemic,and finally puts forward some suggestions on constructing normalized cost compensation mechanism of toll highways.

关 键 词：收费公路 准公共产品 成本补偿机制 

分 类 号：F8212.4[经济管理—财政学]