“记”与“忘”:莫里森《宠儿》中记忆的伦理观照  

“Remember”and“Forget”:Ethics of Memory in Toni Morrison’s Beloved

作　　者：王丰裕 Wang Fengyu(School of International Studies,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院

出　　处：《外国语文研究》2021年第3期52-61,共10页Foreign Language and Literature Research

摘　　要：托妮•莫里森在《宠儿》中不乏对记忆的思考,刻画了黑人个体及集体在“记”与“忘”之间的伦理选择。本文聚焦主人公丹芙,沿着塞丝母女回归黑人社群这条伦理线,试图分析基于“记”与“忘”体现的伦理意义。认为长久以来丹芙铭记家族创伤、忽略与他人相关的记忆加剧了自身被隔绝的伦理困境。而重构家族记忆、接纳黑人集体记忆有助于丹芙伦理身份的重塑,在“记”与“忘”的平衡中做出正确的伦理选择。通过对文化记忆及共同记忆的回溯,黑人社群重新凝聚为具有伦理关怀的共同体,对宠儿的集体哀悼折射出在铭记历史的前提下忘却创伤情感的伦理观照。Memory is frequently highlighted by Toni Morrison,and Beloved depicts various ethical choices of individuals and black community when it comes to the notion of“remembering”and“forgetting”.Concentrating on Denver,the paper aims to analyze the ethics of memory based on remembrance and forgetfulness along the ethical line of“Denver and mother go back to black community”.It turns out that Denver’s ethical dilemma is aggravated by her remembrance of family trauma and negligence of memory concerning others.However,accepting common memory of the whole community is beneficial to reconstitute her ethical identity,reflecting her right ethical choice made by balancing the relation between remembering and forgetting.The Black Community regains its ethical value when the blacks remember their cultural memory and shared memory,and the collective mourning for Beloved indicates the ethics of memory which calls for forgetting traumatic feelings on the condition of remembering the past history.

关 键 词：记忆 伦理选择 文学伦理学 《宠儿》 托妮•莫里森 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]