双光子显微镜技术在脑微循环研究中的应用  

Application of Two-Photon Microscopy in the Studies of Cerebral Microcirculation

作　　者：刘双双[1] 王君 尹伟[1] 娄绘芳[1] 沈逸[1] LIU Shuangshuang;WANG Jun;YIN Wei;LOU Huifang;SHEN Yi(School of Medicine,Zhejiang university,Hangzhou 310058,China;School Hospital of Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院,杭州310058 [2]浙江大学校医院,杭州310058

出　　处：《中国生物医学工程学报》2021年第4期503-512,共10页Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGF20H090012、LGC19H090001);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2020QNA7025)。

摘　　要：双光子显微镜突破传统光学显微镜和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜的局限,应用双光子吸收理论,采用飞秒脉冲激光技术,深入组织内部非线性激发荧光。双光子显微镜具有穿透能力强和光毒性小的特性,可实现活体动物脑内微循环系统的长时程可视化观测,对研究动物大脑皮层微循环网络结构以及血流灌注和血氧代谢特征具有独特优势。近年来双光子显微镜技术不断迭代发展,其应用不断拓展,利用双光子显微镜可实现软脑膜下单根微血管血流信号的检测及光化学操控,为缺血性脑血管疾病和阿尔兹海默症发病机制的基础和临床研究开辟了有价值的微循环检测窗口。从双光子显微镜技术的成像原理入手,介绍其技术特点和进展,并从量化血流动力学变化、测量氧分压、检测白细胞-内皮细胞相互作用和建立脑中风模型4个方面概述应用现状,分析存在的问题并提出解决对策。Two-photon microscopy(TPM)is a new technology with the characteristics of strong penetrability and low photo-toxicity that breaks through the limitations of conventional light microscopy and laser confocal scanning microscopy(LSCM).Based on the two-photon absorption theory and femtosecond pulse technology,TPM provides the special advantages in studying long-term visualization of the microcirculation system in the brain of living animals.It has unique advantages to study the structure of cerebral cortex microcirculation network,blood perfusion and blood oxygen metabolism.In recent years,TPM has been developing iteratively,and its application has been expanding.TPM can be used to detect and photochemical control the blood flow signal in a single sub leptomeningeal microvascular,which opens a valuable microcirculation window for the basic and clinical research of the pathogenesis of ischemic cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer’s disease.Starting with the imaging principle,this review introduced the technological characteristics and progress of TMP,and summarized its application status and prospects from four aspects including quantifying hemodynamic changes,measuring oxygen partial pressure,detecting leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction,and establishing a stroke model,and discussed a few key questions and proposed solutions in the research field as well.

关 键 词：荧光成像 双光子显微镜 活体动物 脑微循环 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]