黑龙江省春小麦抗穗发芽种质资源的筛选  

Screening of spring wheat germplasm resources resistant to pre-harvest sprouting in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：张志成 刘宁涛[2] 张志[1] 邵立刚[2] ZHANG Zhicheng;LIU Ningtao;ZHANG Zhi;SHAO Ligang(School of Life Sciences,Agriculture and Forestry,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006.China;Keshan Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161005,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院克山分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005

出　　处：《高师理科学刊》2021年第8期67-72,共6页Journal of Science of Teachers＇College and University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0101000);国家小麦产业技术体系克山实验站(CARS-03);黑龙江省农科院院级科研项目(2018YYYF026);黑龙江省农科院农业科技创新跨越工程(HNK2019CX04-03)

摘　　要：穗发芽一直是东北春麦区小麦生产中的主要问题之一,为了全面了解本地主栽品种及骨干亲本穗发芽抗性水平,通过籽粒发芽法和整穗发芽法,对169份黑龙江省春小麦主栽品种及骨干品系进行鉴定.结果表明,不同材料间穗发芽特性差异显著,红色籽粒小麦抗穗发芽的能力高于白色籽粒小麦,大部分红色籽粒小麦休眠期较长,较耐穗发芽.而白色籽粒小麦大部分体现出休眠期短,不抗穗发芽.通过穗发芽抗性分析筛选出克春130264、龙垦415、龙垦402、克春140865、东农155859、龙辐12、克旱15号、龙垦433、龙14-4096、龙辐麦12、龙垦431、龙辐10-527、龙麦81共13份材料的籽粒穗发芽指数和整穗发芽率均具有较强的抗性且均属于红色籽粒小麦,可作为穗发芽抗性育种的亲本利用.Pre-harvest sprouting has always been one of the main problems in wheat production in northeast spring wheat region.In order to fully understand the resistance level of pre-harvest sprouting of local main varieties and backbone parents,169 main varieties and Gugan lines of spring wheat in Heilongjiang Province were identified by seed germination method and whole ear germination method.The results showed that there were significant differences in spike germination characteristics among different materials.The ability of red grain wheat to resist spike germination was higher than that of white grain wheat,and most of red grain wheat had longer dormancy period and better tolerance to spike germination.However,most of white grain wheat showed short dormancy period and no resistance to ear germination.Through the analysis of ear germination resistance,13 materials,including Kechun 130264,Longken 415,Longken 402,Kechun 140865,Dongnong 155859,Longfu 12,Kehan 15,Longken 433,Long14-4096,Longfumai 12,Longken 431,Longfu 10-527 and Longmai 81,were screened out.They all had strong resistance to ear germination index and whole pre-harvest sprouting rate,and all belonged to red grain wheat,which could be used as breeding materials for ear germination resistance parents should be used.

关 键 词：春小麦 穗发芽 籽粒发芽法 整穗发芽法 

分 类 号：Q949.9[生物学—植物学]