利用Fhb1基因分子标记辅助回交育种法改良黄淮冬小麦赤霉病抗性  

Improvement of Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight by Fhb1 Molecular Marker-assisted Backcrossing in the Huang-Huai River Valley Winter Wheat Region

作　　者：代旭冉 黄义文 李腾 邓云 苏研 买春艳 于立强 于广军[5] 李辉利[5] 刘宏伟[2] 杨丽[2] 周阳[2] 张宏军[2] 李洪杰[2] DAI Xuran;HUANG Yiwen;LI Teng;DENG Yun;SU Yan;MAI Chunyan;YU Liqiang;YU Guangjun;LI Huili;LIU Hongwei;YANG Li;ZHOU Yang;ZHANG Hongjun;LI Hongjie(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066004, China;Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Beijing 100081, China;Nanping Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Fujian Province,Jianyang,Fujian 354200, China;Xinxiang Innovation Center for Breeding Technology of Dwarf-Male-Sterile Wheat,Xinxiang,Henan 453731, China;Zhaoxian Experiment Station, Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Zhaoxian,Hebei 051503, China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院,农学与生物技术学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/作物分子育种工程实验室,北京100081 [3]福建省南平市农业科学研究所,福建建阳354200 [4]新乡矮败小麦育种技术创新中心,河南新乡453731 [5]石家庄市农林科学研究院赵县试验基地,河北赵县051530

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2021年第9期1081-1089,共9页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：河北省现代种业科技专项(19226351D);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0101600);国家自然科学基金项目(31771881)。

摘　　要：黄淮冬麦区小麦赤霉病的发生流行程度年际间变化较大,给赤霉病抗性品种的田间选择造成很大困难,因此分子标记辅助选择育种技术的应用显得尤为重要。为明确Fhb1基因在轮选136背景下对赤霉病抗性的影响,本研究以6个长江中下游麦区抗赤霉病品种(系)为供体,与黄淮冬麦区骨干亲本周麦16的矮败小麦近等基因系进行杂交,并分别与周麦16及其衍生品系轮选136进行2次回交,创建6个BC2回交育种群体。利用功能标记跟踪后代Fhb1基因,结合单花滴注接种和自然发病鉴定,检测分子标记选择的效果。根据三个环境表型鉴定结果,发现161个携带Fhb1抗性等位基因(Fhb1-R)的BC2F3株系平均病小穗数和严重度均低于中感赤霉病对照淮麦20和轮回亲本轮选136。其中,60个BC2F3株系(37.3%)的病小穗数和严重度在三个环境下表现一致,显著低于淮麦20。在入选的122个BC2F4品系中,93个品系(76.2%)的赤霉病抗性优于淮麦20,36个品系(29.5%)优于或相当于中抗对照扬麦158。基因型分析结果表明,赤霉病抗性优于淮麦20的93个BC2F4品系除了携带Fhb1-R外,还携带轮选136的抗性位点Qfhb.7D。本研究为黄淮冬麦区小麦抗赤霉病分子标记辅助选择育种提供了重要信息和育种材料。The occurrence and epidemic degree of Fusarium head blight(FHB)in Huang-huai winter wheat region vary greatly from year to year,which makes it difficult to select resistant varieties in the field.Therefore,the application of molecular marker assisted selection breeding technology is particularly important.In order to clarify the effect of Fhb1 on FHB resistance under the background of Lunxuan 136,six backcross populations were constructed by crossing the dwarf-male-sterile(DMS)-Zhoumai 16 with six Fhb1 donors from the middle and lower Yangtze winter wheat zone and backcrossing to Zhoumai 16 and its derived line Lunxuan 136.Functional markers were used to track the Fhb1 gene in the progeny,and the effect of molecular marker selection was evaluated by combining floret inoculation and natural disease identification.The mean FHB resistance of 161 BC2F3 lines carrying the Fhb1 resistance allele(Fhb1-R)from the six populations showed lower than that of the moderately susceptible control Huaimai 20 and the recurrent parent Lunxuan 136.Among them,60 lines(37.3%)showed consistently improved FHB resistance than Huaimai 20 at the three environments.The majority of 93 BC2F4 lines(76.2%)had higher FHB resistance than Huaimai 20,and 36 lines(29.5%)had FHB resistance comparable to the moderately resistant control Yangmai 158.Genotypic analysis showed that these 93 lines with higher FHB resistance contained Fhb1 gene and Qfhb.7D from the recurrent parent Lunxuan 136.This study provides important information and valuable breeding materials for FHB marker-assisted breeding of winter wheat in the Huang-huai winter wheat region.

关 键 词：小麦 Fhb1基因 矮败小麦 功能标记 分子标记辅助选择 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330