中国城市创新基础设施的时空特征及影响因素——基于291个地级及以上城市数据的实证分析  

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of China’s Urban Innovation Infrastructure and its Influencing Factors:Empirical Analysis Based on the Data of 291 Prefecture Level and Above Cities

作　　者：于英杰 吕拉昌[1,2,3] Yu Yingjie;Lyu Lachang(School of Resources Environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University;School of Management,Capital Normal University;Beijing Urban Innovation and Development Research Center,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048 [2]首都师范大学管理学院,北京100048 [3]首都师范大学北京城市创新与发展研究中心,北京100048

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2021年第16期9-19,共11页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“中国三大城市群创新机制与空间组织模式的比较研究”(41971201)。

摘　　要：以中国291个地级及以上城市为研究对象,基于1995至2018年数据,以2010年为阶段分界点划分创新基础设施建设发展的演化阶段,从重大科技基础设施、科教基础设施、产业技术创新基础设施三方面,采用2010、2018年数据分析创新基础设施的空间分布特征,并构建线性回归模型、空间滞后模型和空间误差模型解析影响其分布的因素。结果表明:(1)中国创新基础设施建设在1995至2010年为初步发展阶段,2010年之后为快速增长阶段;(2)创新基础设施空间分布不均匀,符合胡焕庸线的分布规律,京津冀和长三角地区是东部核心区,其中重大科技基础设施空间分布整体呈"H"型,科教基础设施从北京为单核心演变到北京、上海双核突出,产业技术创新基础设施形成北京- 天津、上海- 杭州、广州- 深圳的双核心共生结构;(3)创新基础设施空间分布具有一定集聚现象但集聚度较低,主要集中在京津冀、长三角及个别省份的发达城市;(4)总体上,财政政策和创新企业对创新基础设施影响最大,其次是创新人才和金融发展水平。由此提出未来中国城市创新基础设施发展要转变经济发展方式,加大政策支持、创新资金投入和扩大对外创新开放程度,营造活跃的创新环境以及完善创新机制等对策建议。This paper takes 291 prefecture level and above cities in China as the research object,divides the evolution stage of innovation infrastructure construction and development based on the data from 1995 to 2018,taking 2010 as the stage dividing point,analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of innovation infrastructure from three aspects:major scientific and technological infrastructure,science and education infrastructure and industrial technological innovation infrastructure,and constructs linear regression model,spatial lag model and spatial error model to analyze the factors affecting its distribution.The results show that:(1)China’s innovation infrastructure can be divided into the initial development stage from 1995 to 2010 and the rapid development stage after 2010.(2) The spatial distribution of innovation infrastructure is uneven,which is in line with the distribution law of Hu Huanyong line,the BeijingTianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration and the Yangtze River Delta are the core areas in the East,among them,the spatial distribution of major scientific and technological infrastructure is "H" type as a whole,while the scientific and educational infrastructure has evolved from a single core in Beijing to a dual core in Beijing and Shanghai,the industrial technological innovation infrastructure has formed a dual core symbiotic structure of Beijing-Tianjin,Shanghai-Hangzhou and Guangzhou-Shenzhen.(3)The spatial distribution of innovation infrastructure has a certain agglomeration phenomenon,but the agglomeration degree is low,which is mainly concentrated in developed cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration and the Yangtze River Delta and individual provinces.(4)Overall,fiscal policy and innovative enterprises have the greatest impact on innovation infrastructure,followed by innovative talents and financial development level.Therefore,the paper proposes that the future development of urban innovation infrastructure in China should change the mode of economic development,increase policy suppor

关 键 词：创新基础设施 重大科技基础设施 科教基础设施 产业技术创新基础设施 城市 

分 类 号：F124.3[经济管理—世界经济] G301[文化科学]