受体学说引领临床镇静/镇痛术的优化  

Guiding the optimizing of clinical sedation/analgesia by receptor theory

作　　者：邓硕曾[1] 张琰[1] 周英杰[1] 夏涵[1] 申慧 Deng Shuozeng;Zhang Yan;Zhou Yingjie;Xia Han;Shen Hui(Department of Anesthesiology,Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing City 100078,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学东方医院麻醉科,北京市100078

出　　处：《中华疼痛学杂志》2021年第4期357-359,共3页Chinese Journal Of Painology

摘　　要：受体是细胞分子水平的某种靶点。镇静/镇痛药都有其相关的作用受体。按受体选用镇静/镇痛药能优化治疗效果。镇静药的主要受体是γ-氨基丁酸A受体(GABA_(A)R)。阿片样受体简单分为三种受体,μ、κ和δ受体,但阿片类药物种类繁多。此外,α2受体激动药和N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体(NMDA)阻断药也参与镇静/镇痛,尤其是对痛觉过敏的治疗。优化镇静/镇痛术离不开受体学说的引领,基于阿片类受体的选择就能降低阿片类药的不良反应,增加患者的舒适度和满意度。Receptors are some target or receiving spots of molecule level on the cell.All sedatives and analgesics have their relative effect receptors.According to the receptors to select sedatives or analgesics,the therapy results could be optimized.The major receptor of sedatives isγ-aminobutyric acid type receptor(GABAAR).The opioids receptors are simply divided into three kinds receptors:µ,κandδreceptor,but the opioids are various.Moreover,α2 receptor agoniet and NMDA receptor blocker also participate in sedation/analgesia,especially in the treatment of hyperalgisia.Optimizing sedation/analgesia couldn't seperate from the guide of recestor theory.Based on the opioid receptors selection,we can decrease the harmful reactions of opioids and increase the patients'comfortable and satisfying degrees.

关 键 词：镇静 镇痛 Γ-氨基丁酸受体 受体 阿片样 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]