世界级步行适宜城市的规划与建设经验借鉴  

Planning and Construction Experience of World-class Walkable City

作　　者：甄新瑜 杨文越 ZHEN Xinyu;YANG Wenyue

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院

出　　处：《上海城市规划》2021年第4期91-98,共8页Shanghai Urban Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“多尺度建成环境对居民出行碳排放的影响机理研究——以广州为例”(编号41701169);广东省哲学社会科学规划项目“中国大城市社区步行适宜性对居民肥胖的影响研究——以广州为例”(编号GD17YSH01);广州市科技计划项目“通勤出行碳排放的非线性影响机理研究”(编号202102021041)资助。

摘　　要：步行作为一种最基本的体力活动和交通方式,对城市环境、社区活力和居民健康均具有非常重要的作用。以伦敦和纽约为例,分别对欧洲和北美国家世界级步行适宜城市规划与建设经验进行梳理和归纳。研究发现:它们都充分体现了以人为本、步行优先的规划理念。其中,伦敦侧重于宏观尺度的城市步行体系构建,优化步行网络与结构,创新规划政策,以保障行人优先权,鼓励居民积极参与步行;而纽约则侧重于从微观尺度对街道空间进行规划设计。首先,通过打破社区边界,共享设施资源,丰富鼓励步行的活动。其次,实现街道公共空间化、完善街道设计,提高行人步行体验。最后,对中国建设高密度步行适宜城市提出政策启示与建议。As one of the most basic physical activities and transportation modes,walking plays an important role in urban environment,neighborhood vitality and residents'health.Taking London and New York as examples,this paper summarizes the planning and construction experience of world-class walkable cities in Europe and North America.It is found that they fully embody the planning concept of people-oriented and walking first.Among them,London focuses on the construction of a macro-scale urban pedestrian system,by optimizing the pedestrian network and structure,ensuring pedestrian priority,and encouraging residents to actively participate in walking.New York,on the other hand,focuses on the planning and design of street space on a micro-scale.First,by breaking the neighborhood boundary,sharing facilities and resources,it can enrich and encourage walking activities.Second,to realize the street public space and improve the street design,it can improve pedestrian walking experience.This paper finally puts forward some policy implications and suggestions for the construction of high-density walkable cities in China.

关 键 词：步行 步行适宜城市 街道设计 伦敦 纽约 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]