双间隙伪火花开关的触发及导通特性  

Characteristics of Triggering and Conduction of a Double-gap Pseudospark Switch

作　　者：闫家启 申赛康 孙国祥 丁卫东[1] 曹关平 方春光 YAN Jiaqi;SHEN Saikang;SUN Guoxiang;DING Weidong;CAO Guanping;FANG Chunguang(State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Jiangxi Jingguang Electronics Co.,Ltd.,Jingdezhen 333405,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电力设备与电气绝缘国家重点实验室,西安710049 [2]江西景光电子有限公司,景德镇333405

出　　处：《高电压技术》2021年第8期2799-2810,共12页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51777163)。

摘　　要：伪火花开关是一种工作于巴申曲线左半支、引燃于空心阴极结构、主放电通道呈现弥散特征的低气压脉冲放电开关,具有导通电流大、重复频率高、工作范围宽、寿命长、抖动低和烧蚀小等优点,在重复频率脉冲功率中具有非常大的应用潜力。文中研制了一款双间隙多通道伪火花开关,采用陶瓷金属半密封结构,工作气体为氦气,触发单元为基于高介钛酸钡薄片的电荷注入式结构。研究了不同触发脉冲作用下触发单元的放电特征和工作模式,以及气压、阳极电压和脉冲参数对触发单元电荷注入特性、开关导通时延与抖动及阳极电压跌落速率等的影响规律。此外,根据电极烧蚀形貌分析了开关的多通道同步触发特性,根据放电波形讨论了实验中遇到的电流淬灭现象。实验结果表明:触发单元放电存在脉冲电晕和沿面闪络两种工作模式;高气压和大能量的触发脉冲有利于降低开关时延、抖动和阳极电压跌落时间;快前沿的触发脉冲有利于降低开关抖动;阳极电压对触发时延和抖动的影响不大;开关能够实现多通道的同步触发和导通,且在小电流条件下存在两种淬灭形式。Pseudospark switch is a kind of low pressure pulsed discharge switch which works at the left hand of the Paschen’s curve,ignites in the hollow cathode and presents dispersive discharge channel.It has the advantages of large current capacity,high repetition rate,wide working range,long lifetime,small jitter and low erosion rate.In this paper,a double-gap and multi-channel pseudospark switch is developed,which is semi-sealed with ceramic and metal.The working gas is helium,and the trigger unit is of the charge injection structure based on BaTiO3 with high dielectric constant.The discharge characteristics and operation modes of the trigger unit under different pulses are studied,and the effects of gas pressure,pulse rising edge and energy on the charge injection characteristics of the trigger unit,triggering delay and anode voltage dropping rate are studied.Besides,the multi-channel synchronous triggering characteristics of the switch are analyzed according to the electrode erosion morphology,and the current quenching phenomenon is discussed according to discharge waveforms.The experimental results show that there are two operation modes of the trigger unit discharge,namely,pulsed corona and flashover along the surface;high pressure and high energy trigger pulse are conducive to reducing the triggering delay,jitter and anode voltage dropping time.The pulse with fast rising edge is beneficial to reducing the jitter,and anode voltage has no obvious influence on delay and jitter.The switch can realize multi-channel synchronous triggering and conduction,and there are two quenching forms under the condition of small current.

关 键 词：伪火花开关 触发单元 时延 抖动 阳极电压跌落 

分 类 号：TM564[电气工程—电器]