基于模态滤波的水下声源深度估计方法  

Depth Estimation Method of Underwater Sound Source based on Modal Filtering

作　　者：魏尚飞 韩东[2] 杨美娇 张海勇[2] WEI Shangfei;HAN Dong;YANG Meijiao;ZHANG Haiyong(Midshipmen Group Five,Dalian Naval Academy,Dalian 116018,China;Department of Information System,Dalian Naval Academy,Dalian 116018,China)

机构地区：[1]海军大连舰艇学院学员五大队,辽宁大连116018 [2]海军大连舰艇学院信息系统系,辽宁大连116018

出　　处：《电声技术》2021年第8期9-17,共9页Audio Engineering

基　　金：基础加强计划技术领域基金项目(No.2019-JCJQ-JJ-036);国家自然科学基金(No.11374001)。

摘　　要：针对水下声源深度估计问题,对模态滤波技术进行研究。利用简正波在深度方向模态振幅的分布特性估计声源深度。首先使用水平阵列接收声源信号,然后对时间-距离二维数据进行二维傅里叶变化将其表示在频率-波数域,最后通过建立二值掩模滤波器,将声源的各阶模态能量从频率波数域提取出来,通过与模拟接收信号的各阶模态能量匹配,实现声源深度估计。对于多方向的声源信号,提出建立对应的滤波器,完成对固定方向上声源信号模态能量的提取,实现固定方向的声源深度估计。仿真结果表明:该方法有较好的抗噪声性能,能在低信噪比下估计声源深度。通过对固定方向建立相应的滤波器,可以实现从多方向声源信号中提取特定方位的声源信号,最终准确估计得到声源深度信息。Aiming at the problem of underwater sound source depth estimation,modal filtering technology is studied.The depth of sound source is estimated by using the distribution characteristics of modal amplitude of normal wave in depth direction.Firstly,the horizontal array is used to receive the sound source signal,and then the two-dimensional time-distance data is represented in the frequency wavenumber domain by two-dimensional Fourier transform.Finally,the modal energy of the sound source is extracted from the frequency wavenumber domain by establishing a binary mask filter,and the depth estimation of the sound source is realized by matching with the modal energy of the simulated received signal.For the multi-directional sound source signal,it is proposed to establish the corresponding filter to extract the modal energy of the sound source signal in the fixed direction,and realize the sound source depth estimation in the fixed direction.The simulation results show that this method has good anti noise performance and can estimate the sound source depth at low signal-to-noise ratio.By establishing the corresponding filter for the fixed direction,the sound source signal in a specific direction can be extracted from the multi-directional sound source signal,and finally the sound source depth information can be accurately estimated.

关 键 词：声源深度估计 模态滤波 频率波数转换 

分 类 号：TB566[交通运输工程—水声工程]