人权视野下的公众环境信息权:叠代性特征及保护策略  

The Iterative Features and Protection Strategies of the Public Environmental Information Right from the Perspective of Human Rights

作　　者：方印[1] 李杰 Fang Yin;Li Jie

机构地区：[1]贵州大学法学院

出　　处：《人权研究》2021年第3期94-106,共13页Chinese Journal of Human Rights

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“大数据时代公众环境信息权的法律再造研究”(项目号:17BFX208)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：公众环境信息权是指公众依法享有的收集、知悉、传播、享益相关环境信息,监督涉及环境信息的违法行为,并在其环境信息利益受到非法侵犯时能获得相应救济的权利。公众环境信息权是作为第三代人权的环境权与作为第四代人权的信息权叠加糅合而成的复合型人权,该复合型人权具有消极权利与积极权利相汇集的数字化、公法规制与私法规制相统一的自主化、实体权利与程序权利相融合的集合化等叠代性特征。该叠代性特征不仅是理解、助推与开启形成环境信息共建共治共享新格局的关键钥匙,也影响着公众环境信息权的保护策略,要求公众环境信息权的保护策略应当具有数字思维引领下的多元性特质、自主思维引领下的体系性特质以及集合思维引领下的互构性特质。基于此,为实现公众环境信息权的有效保护,需要塑造尊重复合型人权价值的伦理基础、构建系统完备的环境信息基本法律制度体系、完善以公众服务为本位的“环境数据信息云”智能平台以及健全公众环境信息权的救济机制。The right to public environmental information refers to persons’rights to collect,learn,disseminate and enjoy related environmental information according to law,to supervise illegal activities involving environmental information,and to obtain corresponding relief when their environmental information interests are illegally violated.The public environmental information right is a compound human right that combines the environmental rights as the third-generation human rights and the information rights as the fourth-generation human rights.This composite right has the digital feature based on the combination of negative and positive rights,the autonomous feature based on the unification of the regulation by public law and the regulation by private law,the collective feature based on the integration of the substantive rights and the procedural rights,and other iterative features.The iterative characteristics of the public environmental information right are not only the key to understanding,boosting and opening up a new pattern of environmental information co-construction,co-governance and sharing,but also affecting the protection strategies of the public environmental information right.Considering its iterative characteristics,the protection strategies of the public environmental information right should have the pluralistic feature led by digital thinking,the systematic feature led by autonomous thinking,and the inter-constructive feature led by collective thinking.In order to realize the effective protection of the public environmental information right,it is necessary to build an ethical foundation that respects the complex human rights value,to build a systematic and complete basic environmental information legal system,to improve the public service-oriented“environmental data information cloud”intelligent platform,and to improve the relief mechanism for the public environmental information right.

关 键 词：生态文明 信息文明 环境信息权 复合型人权 叠代性特征 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学] D621.5[政治法律—法学]