基于改进Canny算法的起重机下挠度测量方法研究  

Crane deflection measurement method based on improved Canny algorithm

作　　者：张柏 苑哲源 颜丙生[1] 杨明超 李莎 ZHANG Bai;YUAN Zhe-yuan;YAN Bing-sheng;YANG Ming-chao;LI Sha(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Zhuhai Branch,Guangdong Institute of Special Equipment Inspection and Research,Zhuhai 519000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学机电工程学院,河南郑州450001 [2]广东省特种设备检测研究院珠海检测院,广东珠海519000

出　　处：《机电工程》2021年第9期1191-1196,共6页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1604134);国家级大学生创新创业资助项目(202010463036);河南省科技攻关资助项目(212102210327)。

摘　　要：现有的门式起重机主梁下挠度的测量方法存在着不够安全、便捷和经济的问题,针对这一问题,提出了一种基于改进的Canny边缘检测算法的机器视觉测量方法。首先,获取了起重机在加载额定载荷前后主梁的形态图像,并对图像进行了剪切分割等预处理;然后,利用改进的Canny算法对预处理后图像中的主梁跨中部位进行了边缘特征提取,并通过测量所提取边缘在图像中的相对位移,根据比例换算得到了起重机实际下挠度值;最后,通过LabVIEW平台开发了一套基于该方法的起重机下挠度测量系统,测试验证结果表明:在多种工况环境下,该系统都能准确地识别并提取出起重机主梁的边缘特征,且计算的下挠度值误差在0.5%之内。研究结果表明:该测量方法可以满足起重机械下挠度的工程测量要求,为起重机检测工程应用提供了一种可靠的测量方法。Aiming at the problem that the existing measurement method of main girder deflection of gantry crane was not safe,convenient and economical,a machine vision measurement method based on improved Canny edge detection algorithm was proposed.Firstly,the shape images of the main girder before and after loading the rated load of the crane were obtained,and the images were preprocessed by cutting and segmentation.Then,the improved Canny algorithm was used to extract the edge features from the mid-span of the main girder after preprocessing.By measuring the relative displacement of the extracted edge in the image,the actual lower deflection value of the crane was obtained according to the scale conversion.Finally,a crane lower deflection measurement system based on this method was developed on LabVIEW platform.The test results show that the system can accurately identify and extract the target edge features of the main girder of the crane under various working conditions,and the error of the calculated lower deflection value is within 0.5%.The research results show that the measurement method can meet the requirements of the engineering measurement of the lower deflection of lifting machinery,and provides a reliable method for crane inspection engineering application.

关 键 词：下挠度测量 机器视觉 CANNY算法 图像处理 

分 类 号：TH213.5[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP391.4[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]