明清新安代表性医家脾胃学术思想浅析  

Analysis of Spleen and Stomach Academic Thought of Xin′an Representative Physicians in Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：高兵 王茎[1] 黄辉[1] 程悦 郭锦晨 马强 GAO Bing;WANG Jing;HUANG Hui;CHENG Yue;GUO Jinchen;MA Qiang(College of Chinese Medicine,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,Anhui Hefei China 230038)

机构地区：[1]安徽中医药大学中医学院,安徽合肥230038

出　　处：《中医学报》2021年第10期2133-2137,共5页Acta Chinese Medicine

基　　金：2019年度安徽省人文社科重点研究基地招标项目(SK2019A0248);2016年度安徽省卫生计生委中医药科研课题项目(2016zy65);安徽中医药大学校级探索性科研项目(2016ts004)。

摘　　要：通过对汪机、徐春甫、孙一奎、罗周彦、郑重光、吴楚、叶天士、程国彭、吴澄、程杏轩等10位新安医家的脾胃学术思想进行系统研究,探析其脾胃辨治学术特色。自汪机之后的新安医家,一方面继续发展甘温培元的学术思想,如徐春甫创制大健脾养胃丸,强调调和脾胃乃医中之王道;吴楚好施健脾补中、益气温阳之法;程国彭以平和平淡之品裨益脾胃。另一方面将温脾胃之阳拓展到温脾肾之阳,如孙一奎强调命门火衰;程杏轩脾肾双补;郑重光好用人参、附子;罗周彦别出机杼以先后天元阴元阳之说统固本培元与养阴清润于一体;吴澄首重理脾阴;叶天士脾胃分治,阴阳兼顾。明清新安医家形成了以调理脾胃为治法,注重培护脾胃元气,而不忘护阴育阴,临床善用人参、白术、黄芪,尊人参、黄芪为“补脾胃之圣药”,或温肾阳,或理脾阴,或倡脾胃分治,救护胃阴,以通为用的学术特色。By systematic studies on Spleen and Stomach syndrome academic thoughts of ten Xin′an doctors,including Wang Ji,Xu Chunfu,sun Yikui,Luo Zhouyan,Zheng Zhongguang,Wu Chu,Ye Tianshi,Cheng Guopeng,Wu Cheng,Cheng Xingxuan,etc.,their spleen and stomach differentiation and treatment were analyzed.On the one hand,it is found that the academic thoughts of nourishing Yuan Qi with medicines with sweet and warm in character were continually developed.For example,Xu Chunfu created the Dajianpi Yangwei pill,emphasizing that harmonizing the Spleen and Stomach is the king of medicine.Wu Chu was good at invigorating the Spleen and tonifying the middle,benefiting Qi and warming Yang,and Cheng Guopeng was good at benefiting the Spleen and Stomach with mild products.On the other hand,the Yang of warming the Spleen and Stomach were extended to the Yang of warming the Spleen and Kidney,such as Sun Yikui′s emphasis on the vital-gate fire deficiency,Cheng Xingxuan′s tonifying both the spleen and kidney,and Zheng Chongguang is good at using Renshen(Ginseng)and Fuzi(Radix aconiti carmichaeli).Luo Zhouyan is unique in his theory of Tian Yuan Yin and Yuan Yang,which integrates consolidating the essence,cultivating yuan and nourishing Yin,clearing and moistening.Wu Cheng pays attention to Spleen Yin first,and Ye Tianshi treats Spleen and Stomach separately,giving attention to both yin and Yang.It has formed the academic characteristics of regulating Spleen and Stomach,focusing on the cultivation of Spleen and Stomach vitality,and not forgetting the protection and nourishing Yin,making good use of Renshen,Baizhu(Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae),and Huangqi(Astragalus membranaceus),and respecting Renshen and Huangqi as"the holy medicine of tonifying Spleen and Stomach",warming Kidney Yang,regulating Spleen Yin,advocating the treating Spleen and Stomach separately,rescuing Stomach Yin,and promoting circulation.

关 键 词：新安医学 明清时期 脾胃 甘温培元 育阴 

分 类 号：R249[医药卫生—中医临床基础]