东北稻区有机和稻蟹种植模式经济效益分析  

Analysisi of Economic Benefit of Organic Rice and Rice-crab Cropping Patterns in Rice Planting Area of Northeast China

作　　者：寿丽娜 张智才 陈淑峰[2] 吴文良[3] SHOU Lina;ZHANG Zhicai;CHEN Shufeng;WU Wenliang(Xingtai Research Institute of Environmental Science,Xingtai,Hebei 054000,China;Beijing Research Institute of Environmental Protection,Beijing 100037,China;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]邢台市环境科学研究院,河北邢台054000 [2]北京市环境保护科学研究院,北京100037 [3]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2021年第8期1-8,共8页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研项目(201009020-03);国家自然科学基金项目(30970533);北京市环境科学研究院基金(Y2017-101)资助。

摘　　要：为了准确评价东北地区不同水稻种植模式的经济效益,从2011年5月—2012年11月间,在东北典型水稻种植区盘锦,开展了为期两年、不同种植模式的水稻田间试验。试验设计了5个处理模式,即对照处理(CK)、常规模式(CM)、稻蟹共作(CR)、有机水稻(OR)、减量施肥(RF)。在对各处理农事活动记录的基础上,根据生产资料和投入的成本以及农产品的市场价格,计算各类种植模式的经济效益。研究结果显示,稻蟹模式的生产成本最高为38654元·hm^(-2),是常规模式的2.3倍;其次为有机水稻23087元·hm^(-2),是常规处理1.4倍。常规模式的粮食产量最高,为9466 kg·hm^(-2),显著高于减量施肥处理和有机处理(%p%<0.05),但是与稻蟹模式的无显著差异。各处理中产值最高的是稻蟹模式,其次是有机模式,分别为常规模式的2.0倍和1.6倍。净产值最高的有机模式为22508元·hm^(-2),是常规模式的2.0倍,其次为稻蟹模式,是常规模式的1.5倍。试验表明,有机模式和稻蟹模式均能获得较高的经济效益。A two-year field experiment was carried out from May in 2011 to November in 2012 for accurately estimating the economic benefits of different rice cropping patterns in typical rice planting area in Panjin of Northeast China.The five treatments including control(CK),conventional management(CM),rice-crab symbiotic management(CR),organic rice management(OR)and reduced fertilizer management(RF)were setup in this experiment.The economic benefits of different cropping patterns were calculated based on farming activities and according to the cost of farming inputs and the market price of agricultural products.The results showed that the cost under CR was the highest in all the treatments,which was 38654 yuan·hm^(-2),2.3 times of that under CM.The second highest one occurred under OR,which was 23087 yuan·hm^(-2),1.4 times of that under CM.The highest average grain yield of 9466 kg·hm^(-2)was obtained under CM,it was significantly higher than those under RF and OR,but there was no significant variance compared to that under CR.The highest output value was obtained under CR,and the second one was obtained under OR,2.0 and 1.6 times of that under CM,respectively.The highest net output value was obtained under OR,which was 22508 yuan·hm^(-2),2.0 times of that under CM.The second highest one was obtaind under CR,1.5 times of that under CM.Both OR and CM pattern can achieve relatively high economic benefits.

关 键 词：东北典型稻区 稻蟹共作 有机水稻 经济效益 

分 类 号：S344.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]