技术溢出、环境污染与产业空间分布--对克鲁格曼“中心—外围模型”的新拓展  

Technology Spillover,Environmental Pollution and Industrial Spatial Distribution:A New Extension of Krugman’s Central—Peripheral Model

作　　者：何雄浪[1] 吴欢 HE Xiong-lang;WU Huan(School of Economics,Southwestern Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学经济学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《西部论坛》2021年第4期34-51,共18页West Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(18BMZ069);国家民族事务委员会2019年领军人才项目(2799300120)。

摘　　要：经济活动聚集带来的技术溢出正外部性和环境污染负外部性会对经济主体的空间选择行为产生重要影响,进而影响产业空间分布的均衡结构。引入技术溢出和环境污染的本地与跨界效应,对克鲁格曼的“中心—外围模型”进行“原汁原味”地发展,不仅可以验证其结论,而且也可以得到新的研究结论:本地技术溢出效应的增强或跨界技术溢出效应的减弱会强化产业集聚力,本地环境污染效应的增强或跨界环境污染效应的减弱会强化产业分散力;“技术溢出向心力”与“环境污染离心力”的综合作用影响产业空间分布的均衡结构,当“技术溢出向心力”大于“环境污染离心力”时,“对称结构”稳定的贸易自由度范围缩小,而“中心—外围结构”稳定的贸易自由度范围会扩大,反之则反是;不仅“原始中心—外围模型”中的“黑洞状态”(“中心—外围结构”是唯一的稳定均衡结构)是一种常态,而且在一定的初始条件下“对称结构”也可能成为唯一的稳定均衡结构。因此,实现区域经济的均衡发展是可能的,应通过促进区域间的技术溢出、加强地区间的环境污染治理合作等路径,积极探索区域一体化的新机制,有效促进区域协调发展。The positive externality of the technological spillover and the negative externality of environmental pollution brought by economic activity agglomeration can have an important effect on the spatial selection behaviors of economic subjects and further affect the equilibrium structure of industrial spatial distribution.The introduction of the local and transboundary effect of the technological spillover and the environmental pollution to exactly develop Krugman's(1991)center-periphery model can not only test its conclusion but also obtain a new conclusion.The increase of local technological spillover effect and the weakening of trans boundary technological spillover effect can strengthen industrial agglomeration force while the increase of local environmental pollution effect or the weakening of transboundary environmental pollution effect can enhance industrial dispersion force.The comprehensive action of“the centripetal force of technological spillover”and“the centrifugal force of environmental pollution”affects the equilibrium structure of industrial spatial distribution,when“the centripetal force of technological spillover”is bigger than“the centrifugal force of environmental pollution”,the range of trade freeness of stable“symmetric structure”will narrow,however,the range of the trade freeness of the stable“center-periphery structure”will expand,and vice versa.The“black hole state”put forward in the original center-periphery model is a possible equilibrium structure in this paper,and if certain initial conditions are satisfied,the symmetric structure may also be the only stable equilibrium structure no matter how the trade freeness varies.Therefore,the realization of the equilibrium development of regional economy is possible,and we should actively explore the new mechanism for regional integration development to effectively boost the coordinated development of the regional economy by promoting the technological spillover between regions and by strengthening the cooperation of envi

关 键 词：新经济地理学 中心—外围模型 技术溢出效应 环境污染效应 产业分布 均衡结构 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学]