政绩考核导向调整能否破解利益悖论?--地方政府竞争压力视角的中国经验  

Whether the Orientation Adjustment of Performance Evaluation Can Break the Paradox of Interests?:China Experience Based on the Perspective of the Competitive Pressure between Local Governments

作　　者：朱金鹤[1] 王雅莉 侯林岐 ZHU Jin-he;WANG Ya-li;HOU Lin-qi(School of Economics and Management,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学经济与管理学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《西部论坛》2021年第4期65-81,共17页West Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(14BJY204);兵团社会科学基金项目(19YB13);自治区普通高校人文社科重点项目(XJEDU020217B01)。

摘　　要：经济利益与生态利益的对立、当期利益与远期利益的冲突、局部利益与整体利益的矛盾构成了生态文明建设中的三组利益悖论;利益悖论的破解需要更好地发挥地方政府的作用,通过调整政绩考核导向来调节地方政府的竞争压力和行为是破解利益悖论的有效路径之一。采用2005—2017年中国268个样本城市的面板数据,分析地方政府经济竞争压力、规制竞争压力和综合竞争压力对差异化利益的影响以及利益悖论的存在性,并通过改变经济考核与生态考核的权重比来寻求破解利益悖论的政绩考核导向调整方向,研究发现:(1)经济竞争压力的增强有利于经济利益增长但不利于生态利益增长;经济竞争压力对综合利益的负向影响至少可达5年,且在时间趋势上趋于增强,在空间趋势上以1350 km的地理距离为界先增后减。可见,地方政府经济竞争压力过高会激化经济利益与生态利益的对立,带来当期利益与远期利益的两难以及局部利益与整体利益的俱损。(2)规制竞争压力的增强有利于经济利益和生态利益共同增长;规制竞争压力对综合利益的正向影响可持续3年,但在时间趋势上趋于弱化,在空间趋势上随着地理距离的增加趋于强化。可见,增加地方政府的规制竞争压力有利于经济利益与生态利益的共赢,并带来当期利益与远期利益的两全以及局部利益与整体利益的互利。(3)当政绩考核中经济考核与生态考核的权重相等时,对地方政府产生的综合竞争压力还不足以破解三组利益悖论共存的局面;当经济考核与生态考核的权重比达到4∶6时经济利益与生态利益的对立得到破解,达到3∶7时当期利益与远期利益的冲突得到缓解,局部利益与整体利益的矛盾也得到破解。可见,政绩考核导向的生态化调整(经济考核权重下降,生态考核权重上升)能够实现三组利益悖论的竞相破解。因�The contradiction between economic interests and ecological interests,the conflict between current interests and long-term interests,and the contradiction between local interests and overall interests constitute the interests paradox in the construction of ecological civilization.It is necessary to give full play to the role of local governments,and adjusting the competition pressure and behaviors of local governments through the orientation adjustment of performance examination is one of the effective ways to crack this paradox.Based on the panel data of 268 cities in China from 2005 to 2017,this paper studies the impact of local government competitive pressure,regulatory competitive pressure and comprehensive competitive pressure on differentiated interests and interests paradox,and tries to find the orientation adjustment of performance examination for breaking the interests paradox by changing the weight proportion of economic examination and ecological examination.The results show that(1)the pressure of economic competition among local governments is beneficial to economic interests but not to ecological interests,The negative impact of economic competition pressure on comprehensive interests can reach five years in the time range and the effect is deepening year by year.In spatial trend,the geographical distance of 1350 km is the boundary and the effect first increases and then decreases,which indicates that the excessive competitive pressure of local governments can intensify the contradiction between economic interests and ecological interests,bring the difficulty in current interests and long-term interests and result in the destruction of local interests and overall interests.(2)The pressure of regulation competition among local governments is beneficial to the realization of economic and ecological interests,The effect of regulatory competition pressure on the promotion of comprehensive interests is only three years and tends to weaken in the time range,and gradually deepens with the increase of geogra

关 键 词：政绩考核 利益悖论 地方政府 竞争压力 生态文明建设 经济考核 生态考核 

分 类 号：F123.16[经济管理—世界经济] F205