沼气燃料固体氧化物燃料电池阳极相关问题综述  

Overview in Anode Related Problems of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Fed with Biogas

作　　者：姚瑶 蔡佩君[1] 王绍荣[1] YAO Yao;CAI Peijun;WANG Shaorong(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《陶瓷学报》2021年第4期560-568,共9页Journal of Ceramics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2005215)。

摘　　要：固体氧化燃料电池(Solid Oxide Fuel Cell,SOFC)是最有前途的绿色能源转换装置之一,可以高效、清洁地将碳氢化合物燃料(如天然气、煤气化气、沼气等)中的化学能直接转化为电能,从而受到人们的广泛关注。沼气干重整即利用沼气中的CO2对甲烷进行干重整(Dry Reforming of Methane,DRM),将两种温室气体(甲烷和二氧化碳)转化为两种活性燃料(氢气和一氧化碳),有利于提高SOFC的性能。同时,该技术对于提高甲烷的利用率、减少污染以及促进新型化工合成路线都有重要意义。然而,当沼气中的甲烷与SOFC阳极直接接触时,由于镍基阳极的积碳会带来稳定性的问题,因此优化镍基阳极抗积碳的性能、制备稳定、高效和抗积碳能力强的催化剂是该技术的重点。本文通过对沼气干重整技术及抗积碳机理进行了简单的描述,总结了目前国内外报道有关的抗积碳的方法,针对SOFC抗积碳催化剂的研究现状,综述了通过内重整方法解决抗积碳相关问题。Solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)have been attracting remarkable attention as one of the most promising green energy conversion devices in the recent years,which can efficiently convert the chemical energy,in hydrocarbons fuels,such as natural gas,biogas,and gasified coal,directly to electricity.Dry reforming of methane(DRM)converts two kinds of greenhouse gases(methane and carbon dioxide)into two active species(hydrogen and carbon monoxide).At the same time,it is of great significance to improve the utilization of methane,reducing pollution and promoting new routes for chemical industry.However,commonly used Ni-based anodes suffer from carbon coking,which is a major challenge to the commercialization of SOFCs.Therefore,the key point of this technology is to optimize the anti-carbon deposition performance of nickel-based anode and prepare stable,efficient and anti-carbon deposition catalyst.In this paper,the dry reforming technology of biogas and the mechanism of anti-carbon deposition were briefly described,while the methods of anti-carbon deposition reported in the open literature were summarized.According to the research status of SOFC anti-carbon deposition catalyst,external reforming methods were summarized from the view point of solving the problems related to anti-carbon deposition.

关 键 词：固体氧化物燃料电池 沼气 甲烷干重整 抗积碳 催化剂 

分 类 号：TQ174.75[化学工程—陶瓷工业]