利用不同生物指数评价辽河口底栖生态质量适用性  

Applicability of Evaluation of Benthic Ecological Quality of Liaohe Estuary by Using Different Biological Indexes

作　　者：王桂营 李宏俊[2] 孙艺 吴忠鑫 马成龙 WANG Gui-ying;LI Hong-jun;SUN Yi(School of Fisheries and Life Sciences,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian,Liaoning 116023;National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Dalian,Liaoning 116000)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]国家海洋环境监测中心,辽宁大连116000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第18期87-93,104,共8页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：利用辽河口春季、夏季、秋季3个季节大型底栖动物调查数据,分析AMBI指数(AZTI’s Marine Biotic Index)、BENTIX指数、多因子AMBI指数(Multivariate AMBI,M-AMBI)、香农-威纳多样性指数(Shannon-Wiener diversity index,H′)、丰富度指数(Margalef,D),在3个季节间数值的差异性和评价结果的合理性及其与环境因子的相关性。结果表明,AMBI和BENTIX指数在3个季节间存在显著的差异性,主要由于具有极显著相关性的环境因子(总有机碳、温度、盐度)在3个季节间变化较大,影响底栖动物生态分组。AMBI和BENTIX指数的评价结果基本一致,但是不能有效地区分人为环境压力和自然环境压力且评价的污染程度偏低,因此其评价结果不完全合理;D指数评价结果偏差较大,主要由于该研究使用的评价标准值存在一定的不合理性;M-AMBI和H′指数评价结果基本一致,且评价结果更为合理、更能有效地反映人为环境压力。对于温带大陆性季风气候以及底栖动物组成以敏感物种为主的辽河口,选择M-AMBI和H′指数更能合理有效地评价生态环境质量状况。This study used the survey data of macrobenthos in the three seasons of spring,summer and autumn in the Liaohe Estuary to analyze the AMBI index(AZTI’s Marine Biotic Index),BENTIX index,multivariate AMBI index(Multivariate AMBI,M-AMBI),and Shannon-Wiener diversity index(Shannon-Wiener,H′),richness index(Margalef,D),the difference of values between the three seasons,the rationality of the evaluation results and their correlation with environmental factors.The results showed that there were significant differences in the values of AMBI and BENTIX indexes between the three seasons,mainly due to the significant changes in environmental factors(TOC,temperature,salinity)with extremely significant correlations between the three seasons,which affected the zoobenthos ecology grouping.The evaluation results of AMBI and BENTIX indexes were basically the same,but they cannot effectively distinguish between man-made environmental pressure and natural environmental pressure,and the pollution degree of the evaluation was low,so the evaluation results were not completely reasonable;the D index evaluation results had large deviations,mainly due to this research the evaluation standard value used had certain irrationality;the evaluation results of M-AMBI and H′index were basically the same,and the evaluation results were more reasonable and could effectively reflect man-made environmental pressure.For the temperate continental monsoon climate and the Liaohe Estuary where benthic fauna was composed of sensitive species,the M-AMBI and H′indexes could be more reasonable and effective to evaluate the quality of the ecological environment.

关 键 词：辽河口 底栖动物 环境评价 生物指数 生态质量 适用性 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]