知识的起源、碰撞与综合——曼海姆的知识传播思想及其贡献  

The Origin, Collision and Synthesis of Knowledges: Mannheim’s Thought of Knowledge Communication and Its Contribution

作　　者：王佳鹏 WANG Jiapeng(School of Journalism and Communication,Nanjing University)

机构地区：[1]南京大学新闻传播学院

出　　处：《国际新闻界》2021年第7期80-98,共19页Chinese Journal of Journalism & Communication

摘　　要：知识社会学与传播研究原本同根相系,但却随着美国传播研究的学科化而分道扬镳,如今又呈现出一种重新融合之势。或许正因同根相系,曼海姆在20世纪初为知识社会学奠基的同时,也对知识社会学与传播研究的融合进行了有益探索。他对传播研究的贡献,不仅在于提供了知识社会学这个一般分析方法,以及对意识形态和政治传播的论述,还在于开辟了一条知识社会学与传播研究相融合的早期路径。在很大程度上,曼海姆的知识社会学也是一种知识传播学,他以广义的知识为立足点,探讨了"知识"及其偏向性在历史发展中的社会来源、不断扩散、相互碰撞和综合提升这一完整的知识传播过程。其知识传播学虽然相对忽视了媒介的偏向性,但却对知识社会学与传播研究的融合进行了先驱性的探索,为二者在当今的重新融合奠定了基础。The sociology of knowledge and communication study were originally related to each other, but they have separated with the disciplinization of American communication study, and now they are showing a trend of reintegration. Perhaps because of the same roots, Mannheim, while laying the foundation for the sociology of knowledge at the beginning of the 20 th century, also made a useful exploration of the integration of sociology of knowledge and communication study. His contribution to communication study lies not only in providing the general analysis method and the discourse on ideology, but also in opening up an early path for the integration of sociology of knowledge and communication study. To a large extent, Mannheim’s sociology of knowledge is also a kind of knowledge communication. Based on knowledge in a broad sense, he explored the social origin, continuous diffusion, mutual conflict and comprehensive promotion of "knowledge" and its bias in historical development. Although relatively ignored the bias of the media, Mannheim’s knowledge communication studies did pioneer explorations for the integration of sociology of knowledge and communication study, and laid the foundation for the reintegration of the two in the present.

关 键 词：曼海姆 知识传播 知识综合 知识社会学 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]