饲料大麦产量性状的基因型与环境互作分析  

Analysis of Genotype and Environment Interaction of Yield Characters of Forage Barley

作　　者：何梅洁[1] 陈佳[2] 杨金华[3] 杜娟[2] 普晓英[2] 杨晓梦[2] 李霞[2] 杨加珍[2] 曾亚文[2] 杨涛[2] 李玉萍 HE Mei-jie;CHEN Jia;YANG Jin-hua;DU Juan;PU Xiao-ying;YANG Xiao-meng;LI Xia;YANG Jia-zhen;ZENG Ya-wen;YANG Tao;LI Yu-ping(Yunnan Seed Management Station,Yunnan Kunming 650031,China;Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China;Institute of Food Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China;Yuxi Agriculture Vocation-Technical College,Yunnan Yuxi 653106,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省种子管理站,云南昆明650031 [2]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所,云南昆明650205 [3]云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,云南昆明650205 [4]玉溪农业职业技术学院,云南玉溪653106

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第8期1583-1588,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-05-01A-04);云南省农业基础研究联合专项项目(2018FG001-024)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索大麦不同品种的基因型与环境互作差异,为饲料大麦在不同地区的优质栽培提供理论和方法。【方法】对不同海拔饲料大麦产量性状相关数据进行分析,分别计算不同品种产量性状的平均值及差异显著性水平;以及不同地区产量性状的平均值,并进行多重比较;估算其遗传方差,环境方差及遗传环境互作方差,比较遗传及环境对饲料大麦产量性状的影响。【结果】每个大麦品种中的有效穗、实粒数、千粒重、产量均有明显差异;玉溪地区的环境更有利于有效穗的增加,昆明和玉溪地区的环境更有利于实粒数的增加,保山和大理地区的环境更有利于千粒重的增加,玉溪和临沧地区的环境更有利于产量的增加;实粒数主要受遗传控制,其次受基因与环境互作影响较大,环境影响最小。有效穗、千粒重、产量等产量性状受环境影响较大,基因与环境互作变异要大于遗传的影响。【结论】产量性状受遗传影响,产量遗传育种仍是提高饲料大麦产量的关键,根据不同品种在不同地区的产量表现,选择产量高的饲料大麦品种进行推广,是提高不同生态区饲料大麦产量的关键。【Objective】The present paper further explored the interaction between genotype and environment of different barley varieties,and provided theory and method for high quality cultivation of forage barley in different regions.【Method】The average value and significance level of yield traits of different varieties of forage barley at different altitudes were analyzed.The average value of yield traits in different regions were calculated and analyzed by multiple comparisons.The genetic variance,environmental variance and genetic environment interaction variance were estimated to compare the effects of heredity and environment on yield traits of feed barley.【Result】There were significant differences in effective panicle,number of filled grains,1000 grain weight and yield among barley varieties;The results showed that the environment in Yuxi area was more conducive to the increase of effective panicles,the environment of Kunming area and Yuxi area was more conducive to the increase of the number of filled grains,the environment of Baoshan area and Dali area was more conducive to the increase of 1000 grain weight,and the environment of Yuxi area and Lincang area was more conducive to the increase of yield;The number of grains was mainly controlled by heredity,secondly by the interaction between gene and environment,and the influence of environment was the least.The effective panicle,1000 grain weight,yield and other yield traits were greatly affected by environment,and the interaction variation between gene and environment was greater than that of heredity.【Conclusion】The yield traits were affected by heredity,so it was still the key to improve the yield of feed barley.According to the yield performance of different varieties in different regions,the key to improve feed barley yield in different ecological regions was to select high-yield forage barley varieties for promotion.

关 键 词：饲料大麦 产量 有效穗 实粒数 千粒重 基因型与环境互作 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]