上海市闵行区学校结核病防控体系建设调查分析  

Analysis on the Construction of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control System in Schools in Minhang District of Shanghai

作　　者：马琼锦 严慧琴[1] 唐利红[1] 吴蕴华[1] 赵亚萌 MA Qiong-jin;YAN Hui-qin;TANG Li-hong;WU Yun-hua;ZHAO Ya-meng(Minhang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai,201101,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市闵行区疾病预防控制中心,上海201101

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2021年第9期61-63,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：上海市闵行区卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题(2018MW22);上海市闵行区公共卫生优秀青年人才培养项目(2020FM29)。

摘　　要：目的:了解上海市闵行区各类学校结核病防控能力建设及结核病防控措施落实情况,为进一步完善学校结核病防控策略提供参考。方法:自行设计问卷,对各校负责学校卫生的老师及校医开展问卷调查,对资料采用Fisher确切概率法进行分析。结果:98.25%(392/399)的学校建立了结核病防控领导责任制;99.75%(398/399)的学校设置了卫生保健机构(含保健室、卫生室、校医院、后勤部等),并配备了卫生保健人员。在校生与专职卫生保健人员配备比为427∶1。各类学校日常结核病防控措施落实整体工作尚可。62.16%(248/399)的学校开展了结核病健康教育。98.50%(393/399)的学校落实了教室通风制度;95.12%(39/41)的学校落实了宿舍开窗通风制度。因病缺勤追踪报告率为98.75%(394/399)。学生体检工作落实较差,仅高等院校新生体检率为100.00%(4/4),小学新生体检率仅为44.83%(39/87)。结论:上海市闵行区结核病防控工作整体开展情况较好,但仍应加强卫生保健人员队伍建设和加强各项防控措施的落实,确保学校结核病疫情的平稳,保障学生安全。OBJECTIVE To understand construction of tuberculosis(TB)prevention and control system in schools in Minhang District of Shanghai,and to provide evidence for further improvement of the strategy of school tuberculosis prevention and control.METHODS Questionnaires designed independently were used to investigate among teachers and doctors in charge of school health.The qualitative data were analyzed by Fisher exact probability method for statistical tests.RESULTS The organization and leadership of TB prevention and control work was well in all schools surveyed.98.25%of schools had set up health care facilities and equipped with health care workers(including the school clinic,health room,hospital,logistics departments,etc).The ratio of school students to full-time health care personnel was 427:1.It was good that the implementation of daily tuberculosis prevention and control measures in schools.62.16%of the schools carried out TB health education.98.50%of schools implemented classroom ventilation measure.95.12%of schools implemented dormitory ventilation measure.Report rate of absence due to illness was 98.75%.Students’physical examination was poorly implemented.The physical examination rate in colleges was 100.00%.The physical examination rate of primary school freshmen was only 44.83%.CONCLUSION The overall situation of tuberculosis prevention and control in Minhang District of Shanghai was good,but it should strengthen the construction of health care personnel and the implementation of prevention and control measures,particularly in the aspect of physical examination in order to ensure the stability of the school tuberculosis epidemic situation and the safety of the students.

关 键 词：学校 结核病 防控 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]