北京十家社区40岁以上居民肺通气功能调查及影响因素分析  

Prevalence and influencing factors of abnormal pulmonary ventilation function in community population over 40 years old in an urban area of Beijing

作　　者：张二明[1] 宋萍萍[1] 赵春燕[1] 安欣华[2] 马石头 包曹歆 李敏[2] 孙培培 时延伟[1] 向平超[1] Zhang Erming;Song Pingping;Zhao Chunyan;An Xinhua;Ma Shitou;Bao Caoxin;Li Min;Sun Peipei;Shi Yanwei;Xiang Pingchao(Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,Beijing University Shougang Hospital,Beijing 100144,China;Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shijingshan District,Beijing 100043,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学首钢医院呼吸与危重症医学科,北京100144 [2]北京市石景山区疾病预防控制中心,北京100043

出　　处：《中华临床医师杂志（电子版）》2021年第5期375-381,共7页Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：目的探讨北京市某城区10家社区40岁以上人群肺通气功能障碍情况及影响因素,为慢性气道疾病防控提供理论依据。方法2019年6月至12月,对辖区内的10家社区4096名居民进行肺通气功能检查,判读所有肺通气功能报告,异常肺功能结果按类型、性别、年龄段分别进行统计学分析。结果调查人群肺通气功能障碍率总计为44.2%,各类型发生率分别为混合性通气功能障碍(混合性通气)占3.3%,限制性通气功能障碍(限制性通气)占7.0%,阻塞性通气功能障碍(阻塞性通气)占10.9%,小气道功能障碍(小气道异常)占23.0%。男性阻塞性通气、限制性通气、混合性通气发生率分别为13.5%、8.7%、4.9%,明显高于女性的8.6%、5.6%、1.9%(P<0.01);按年龄分层统计显示:阻塞性通气、限制性通气、混合性通气发生率均随着年龄增长逐步增高(P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男性[阻塞性通气(OR=1.408,95%CI:1.066~1.861),限制性通气(OR=2.010,95%CI:1.466~2.756)]、小学及以下文化程度[阻塞性通气(OR=1.572,95%CI:1.105~2.237),限制性通气(OR=2.244,95%CI:1.541~3.269)]是肺通气功能障碍的重要危险因素,另外,年龄、吸烟、粉尘接触、低体重、儿时慢性咳嗽史、过敏史还是阻塞性通气的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论北京某城区10家社区40岁以上人群肺通气功能障碍率较高,危险因素除了年龄、性别、呼吸疾病家族史、过敏、低体重等内因外,还包括吸烟、粉煤尘接触等外部环境因素。Objective To make a survey of the prevalence and influencing factors of abnormal pulmonary ventilation function in community people over 40 years old in an urban area of Beijing,to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of chronic airway diseases.Methods From June to December 2019,4096 community residents were examined for pulmonary ventilation function,and all reports were analyzed.The results of abnormal pulmonary function were statistically analyzed by gender,age,and type.Results The overall prevalence of abnormal pulmonary ventilation function in this urban area of Beijing was 44.2%.The prevalence of different types of abnormal pulmonary ventilation function was as follows:mixed ventilation dysfunction,3.3%;restrictive ventilation dysfunction,7.0%;obstructive ventilation dysfunction,10.9%;small airway dysfunction,23.0%.The prevalence rates of obstructive,restrictive,and mixed ventilation dysfunction in men were 13.5%,8.7%,and 4.9%,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in women(8.6%,5.6%,and 1.9%,respectively;P<0.01).With the increase in age,the prevalence of obstructive,restrictive,and mixed ventilation dysfunction significantly increased gradually(P<0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for pulmonary ventilation dysfunction were as follows:male gender(obstructive ventilation dysfunction:OR=1.408,95%CI:1.066-1.861;restrictive ventilation dysfunction:OR=2.010,95%CI:1.466-2.756),and low education level(primary school and below)(obstructive ventilation dysfunction:OR=1.572,95%CI:1.105-2.237;restrictive ventilation dysfunction:OR=2.244,95%CI:1.541-3.269).In addition,age,smoking,dust exposure,low body weight,childhood history of chronic cough,and allergic history were risk factors of obstructive ventilation dysfunction(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of abnormal pulmonary ventilation function in this urban area of Beijing is high.In addition to internal factors such as age,gender,family history of respiratory disease,allergy,and low wei

关 键 词：社区人群 肺通气功能障碍 相关分析 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]